摘要
深海活动处于国家管辖范围以外的海底区域,风险高且受到国际法和国内法双重规制。我国于2016年制定了《中华人民共和国深海海底区域资源勘探开发法》,据此对我国主体从事深海活动进行监管。以该法为核心的深海活动监管体系在监管主体与客体、监管依据、监管程序与内容等方面都存在不同程度的问题,致使监管实践效果不佳,很难满足未来深海资源开发的要求。我国应借鉴全球监管理论,通过将国家深海活动监管纳入全球深海活动图景,构建我国深海活动多元监管合作体系。在完善路径上,我国需构建中国特色深海活动多元化法治监管格局、夯实履行国际法义务、加强运用法律解释的方法完善深海活动监管法律规范和程序规则。
deep seabed activities occur in seabed areas beyond national jurisdiction,enjoy high risks and are regulated by both international and domestic laws.In 2016,China enacted the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Resources Exploration and Exploitation in the deep Seabed Area(hereinafter referred to as the deep Seabed Law),thus accordingly regulating deep seabed activities conducted by Chinese subjects.However,the deep seabed activities regulation system with the deep Seabed Law as the core has different degrees of problems in the regulatory subject and object,the regulatory basis,the regulatory procedure and content,which makes the regulatory effect in practice doubtful,and it probably hard to meet the requirements of deep seabed resources exploitation in the future.China should learn from the global regulation theory,and build a multi-regulatory cooperation system for deep seabed activities by incorporating national deep seabed activities regulation into the global deep seabed activities landscape.In the path of improvement,China needs to build a diversified legal regulatory pattern with Chinese characteristics on deep sea activities,consolidate the implementation of international law obligations,and pay attention to the use of legal interpretation to improve the legal norms and procedural rules on the regulation of deep seabed activities.
出处
《政治与法律》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第11期144-159,共16页
Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“深海遗传资源开发的法律秩序变革及中国制度性话语权研究”(项目编号:19BFX215)的阶段性成果
中国大洋协会办公室委托课题“中国深海资源勘探开发法律体系构建研究”资助。
关键词
深海活动
监管体系
担保国责任
监管空间
Deep Seabed Activities
Regulatory System
Responsibility of Sponsoring States
Regulatory Space
