摘要
科举制在晚清社会依然处于正统地位,成为科学发展的桎梏。现代科学传播到中国以后,引发了科学与科举之争,双方就京师同文馆是否设立西学、使西见闻等方面发生了“体”“用”之争。由于科学研究在晚清社会属于非主流工作,不被社会正统所认可,科学士绅便借助科学走科举之路,较为典型的案例是江南制造局翻译馆科学士绅的科举晋升之路和留美幼童的“洋翰林”之路。科学与科举的不同价值选择是现代科学在中国的早期体制化过程中不可避免的现象,对这一问题的探讨是科学技术哲学必须严肃面对的主要论题之一。
The imperial exam system was still in an orthodox position in the late Qing Dynasty,which hindered development of modern science.After dissemination of modern science to China,a controversy between science and imperial exam arose.The two sides had the controversy between“body”and“use”over whether to introduce Western learning in School of Combined Learning and Information of Ambassadors to West.Because scientific research was a non-mainstream job at that time,which was denied by social orthodoxy.So some scientific gentry turned to the road of imperial exam by the way of science.A case in point is the promotion of imperial exam by some scientific gentry in the translation institute of Kangnan Arsenal and young children studying in United States.The different value choices of science and imperial exam is an inevitable phenomenon in early institutionalization of modern science in China.The discussion of this problem is one of main topics that Philosophy of Science and Technology must face seriously.
作者
徐多毅
张勇刚
XU Duo-yi;ZHANG Yong-gang(School of Foreign Languages,Changzhou University,Changzhou,213159;College of Marxism,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 571199,China)
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第8期105-111,共7页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“江南制造局翻译馆译者群体研究”(2021SJZDA094)
教育部人文社会科学研究项目“元明清戏曲在二十世纪英国的译介与接受”(16YJC752002)
安徽省社科规划青年项目“美国汉学界20世纪内地女作家研究”(AHSKQ2017D36)。
关键词
科学士绅
科学
科举
scientific gentry
science
imperial exam
