摘要
锂硫电池(Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, LSBs)因硫具有高理论比容量、较低的成本以及环境友好性,被认为是最有潜力的新一代储能器件之一。然而,目前LSBs仍存在一些未解决的关键问题,如氧化还原动力学缓慢、多硫化物(Lithium Polysulfides, LiPSs)溶解和扩散引发的穿梭效应,以及充放电过程中电极的体积变化等。这些问题导致LSBs容量及循环稳定性较差,严重阻碍了LSBs的实际应用。金属有机框架(Metal-organic Frameworks, MOFs)材料具有高度可调的孔化学微环境,通过调控金属中心/团簇和有机配体可以在分子层级调控MOFs对多硫离子等客体分子的化学吸附和催化能力。因此,将MOFs应用于LSBs中,能够有效地实现对多硫离子的捕获、阻隔并加速其催化转化,进而实现对穿梭效应的抑制并提高LSBs的电化学性能。本文总结了通过对MOFs孔化学微环境进行调控,开发出的各种基于MOFs的高性能插层膜材料、正极材料和多功能隔膜材料,并分析了MOFs孔化学微环境进行调控影响LSBs性能的机理,最后提出了可应用于高性能LSBs的MOFs材料开发存在的问题及发展方向。
Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are considered to be one of the most promising new generation energy storage device owing to the high theoretical specific capacity,low cost,and environmental friendliness of sulfur.However,there are still some unsolved critical issues in LSBs,such as slow redox kinetics,shuttle effect caused by dissolution and diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),as well as volume changes in electrodes during charge/discharge processes.which result in poor capacity and cycling stability,severely hinder the practical application of LSBs.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have highly tunable pore microenvironment,and their chemical adsorption and catalytic abilities towards guest molecules,such as polysulfides,can be precisely controlled at the molecular level by regulating the metal centers/clusters and organic ligands.Therefore,applying MOFs to LSBs can effectively capture,block and accelerate the catalytic conversion of polysulfides,thus inhibiting the shuttle effect and improving the electrochemical performance of LSBs.This review summarizes various high performance interlayer materials,cathode materials and multifunctional separator materials based on MOFs developed by regulating the pore microenvironment of MOFs,and analyzes the mechanism of regulating MOFs’microenvironment affecting the performance of LSBs.Finally,the problem and development direction of MOFs materials applicable to high performance LSBs are proposed.
作者
翁竟洽
张琪
黄少铭
Weng Jing-qia;Zhang Qi;Huang Shao-ming(School of Materials and Energy,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《广东工业大学学报》
CAS
2023年第6期75-87,共13页
Journal of Guangdong University of Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51920105004,51902060)
广州市基础与应用基础研究一般项目(2023A04J1602)。
关键词
锂硫电池
金属有机框架材料
化学微环境
穿梭效应
lithium-sulfur batteries
metal-organic framework
microenvironment
shuttle effect
