摘要
为了筛选适宜中药渣发酵的酶制剂用以提高中药渣的营养价值,试验首先采用单因素完全随机设计共设置3个酶制剂处理组,分别为纤维素酶组、木聚糖酶组和纤维素酶+木聚糖酶复合组,分别按照质量分数添加0.50%纤维素酶、0.50%木聚糖酶和0.50%纤维素酶+0.50%木聚糖酶;另设对照组,不添加酶制剂。单一酶制剂筛选试验采用单因素试验效果最佳的酶制剂设置五个添加组,分别为对照组(不添加酶制剂)及0.25%组(添加0.25%)、0.50%组(添加0.50%)、0.75%组(添加0.75%)和1.25%组(添加1.25%)。另采用4×4的双因素试验,A因素为纤维素酶,B因素为木聚糖酶,分别设4个添加水平(0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.25%),共16个组合。每个试验均于30℃培养箱中连续发酵3 d,每个样品3个重复,发酵完取出发酵药渣混匀后采取四分法取样,测定pH值和各营养成分[包括干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和粗灰分(Ash)]。结果表明:与对照组相比,纤维素酶组和纤维素酶+木聚糖酶复合组CP含量均显著提高(P<0.05),pH值、NDF含量和ADF含量均显著降低(P<0.05),纤维素酶组和纤维素酶+木聚糖酶复合组呈现相似发酵效果。因此,选择纤维素酶进行单一酶制剂不同比例的筛选试验。与对照组相比,0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.25%组pH值、DM含量及NDF含量均显著降低(P<0.05),CP含量均显著提高(P<0.05),且0.50%组最高。纤维素酶和木聚糖酶不同添加水平对pH值及DM、EE、CP、CF、NDF、ADF和Ash含量均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。通过比对纤维素酶0.50%添加水平和纤维素酶与木聚糖酶复合1∶1添加水平下中药渣内营养成分含量发现,两种添加水平之间呈现了相似的发酵效果。说明在发酵过程中,复合酶组并未表现出绝对优势,考虑经济因素,中药渣按照质量分数添加0.50%纤维素酶即可达到较好的发酵效果。
In order to screen enzyme preparations suitable for fermentation of Chinese medicinal residue to improve its nutritional value,a single factor completely randomized design was used to set up three enzyme groups,namely cellulase group,xylanase group and cellulase+xylanase complex group.A control group was set up without enzyme preparation.According to the mass fraction,0.50%cellulase,0.50%xylanase and 0.50%cellulase+0.50%xylanase were added,respectively.The single enzyme preparation screening test had the best effect by single factor test.Five enzyme preparation addition groups were set up,namely control group(without adding enzyme preparation),0.25%group(adding 0.25%),0.50%group(adding 0.50%),0.75%group(adding 0.75%)and 1.25%group(adding 1.25%).In addition,a 4×4 twofactor test(cellulase as factor A and xylanase as factor B)was used to set four supplemental levels(0.25%,0.50%,0.75%and 1.25%),with a total of 16 combinations.Each experiment was continuously fermented in an incubator at 30℃for 3 days,with 3 repetitions for each sample.After fermentation,the residue was taken out and mixed,and sampled by the quartering method.Then the pH value and nutrients(including dry matter[DM],crude protein[CP],crude fat[EE],crude fiber[CF],neutral detergent fiber[NDF],acid detergent fiber[ADF]and crude ash[Ash])were determined.The results showed as follows:compared with the control group,the CP content in the cellulase group and the cellulase+xylanase complex group was significantly increased(P<0.05),on the contrary,the pH value,NDF content and ADF content were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and cellulase group and cellulase+xylanase complex group showed similar fermentation effects.Therefore cellulase was selected for screening tests of different proportions of a single enzyme preparation.Compared with the control group,the pH value,DM content and NDF content in the 0.25%,0.50%,0.75%and 1.25%groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),on the contrary,the CP content was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the highest value was found in 0.50%group.The supplementation levels of cellulase and xylanase had significant interaction with pH value and the contents of DM,EE,CP,CF,NDF,ADF and Ash(P<0.05).By comparing the contents of nutrients in Chinese medicinal residue with cellulase 0.50%supplemental level and cellulase and xylanase 1∶1 supplemental level,it was found that the fermentation effect was similar between the two supplemental levels.The results indicated that in the fermentation process,the complex enzyme group did not show absolute superiority,considering economic factors,adding 0.50%cellulase according to mass fraction of Chinese medicinal residue could achieve better fermentation effects.
作者
刘倩
罗国良
郭利
李晓成
宋庄
孟影
钟伟
LIU Qian;LUO Guoliang;GUO Li;LI Xiaocheng;SONG Zhuang;MENG Ying;ZHONG Wei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132109,China;Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Jilin Dabeinong Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130102,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
北大核心
2023年第20期111-115,123,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20230449KJ)
博士启动基金项目([2022]702号)。
关键词
纤维素酶
木聚糖酶
生物发酵
中药渣
营养价值
cellulase
xylanase
biological fermentation
Chinese medicinal residue
nutritional value
