摘要
【目的】探究杉木苗期生长、叶片和根系性状的遗传变异规律,为赣南地区选育优良造林家系提供参考。【方法】以信丰县林木良种繁育中心选育的15个杉木家系1年生苗为研究材料,对地上生长、叶片和根系等21个性状进行测量、遗传分析和相关性分析,并采用聚类分析和隶属函数法进行综合评价和优良家系的选择。【结果】不同家系间各表型性状的变异系数变化范围为2.86%~65.06%,叶片性状的变异系数较小(2.86%~20.93%),地上部分性状和根系性状的变异系数较大(13.45%~65.06%和19.38%~60.12%);地上生长和根系性状的遗传力变化范围为0.22~0.96,受中度或强度遗传控制;相关性分析结果表明,地上部分有关性状与根系性状之间的相关性高于叶片性状,根系生物量、根长、根表面积、根直径、根体积与所有地上部分性状呈极显著的正相关。聚类分析显示,在遗传距离为15时,可将杉木家系分成3个类群。以遗传力>0.5和变异系数>50%的8个性状为选择指标,利用隶属函数法对家系进行综合评价,家系11×12、7×8、13×18等排名靠前,其地径、冠幅、地上生物量、总根长、根体积和根系生物量的现实增益分别为2.42%、5.67%、46.29%、45.92%、41.53%、42.22%,遗传增益分别是2.08%、5.27%、20.69%、30.77%、23.67%、24.91%,具有较高的遗传表现,选择效果较为显著。【结论】15个家系总体受较强遗传控制,具有很大的选育潜能。根系性状对杉木早期地上部分生长的影响超过叶片性状,可作为杉木早期选择的重要参考指标。本研究初步筛选出的优良家系可为赣南地区后续的遗传改良和林分建造提供种质材料。
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the genetic variability of the growth,leaf and root characteristics of Chinese fir at the seedling stage,thus providing a reference for selecting superior afforestation families in southern Jiangxi Province.[Method]The 1-year-old seedlings of 15 Chinese fir families selected from the Forest breeding center of Xinfeng County were used as research materials,and 21 traits such as above-ground growth,leaves,and roots were measured,and genetic analysis and correlation analysis were conducted.The superior families were selected by cluster analysis and membership function method.[Result]The phenotypic traits of different families showed a coefficient of variation ranging from 2.86% to 65.06%.The leaf traits had a comparatively low coefficient of variation(2.86%-20.93%),while the aboveground parts and root traits exhibited a higher coefficient of variation(13.45%-65.06% and 19.38%-60.12%,respectively).The heritability of above-ground growth and root characteristics varied from 0.22 to 0.96 and exhibited moderate to strong genetic influence.The correlation analysis results showed that the correlation between above-ground traits and root traits was higher than that of leaf traits.Root biomass,root length,root surface area,root diameter,and root volume were significantly and positively correlated with all above-ground traits.The cluster analysis demonstrated that the Chinese fir family could be divided into three groups when the genetic distance was 15.By employing the Membership function method,a comprehensive evaluation of families was conducted,with respect to 8 traits having heritability greater than 0.5 and coefficient of variation greater than 50%.The 11×12,7×8,and 13×18 families scored comparatively high.The ground diameter,crown width,aboveground biomass,total root length,root volume,and root biomass were 2.42%,5.67%,46.29%,45.92%,41.53%,and 42.22%,respectively.The genetic gains were remarkable,with percentages of 2.08%,5.27%,20.69%,30.77%,23.67%,and 24.91% respectively,demonstrating a strong selection effect.[Conclusion]The 15 families show a high degree of genetic control and possess exceptional breeding potential.Root traits have a more pronounced influence on the early above-ground growth of Chinese fir compared with leaf traits,making them a valuable reference point for the early selection of Chinese fir.This study has identified excellent families that can serve as a source of germplasm for further genetic improvement and stand construction in southern area of Jiangxi.
作者
曾路
朱科帆
安波
朱勇
张芸
ZENG Lu;ZHU Kefan;AN Bo;ZHU Yong;ZHANG Yun(College of Forestry/Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of PoyangLake Watershed,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Forest Breeding Center of Xinfeng County,Jiangxi Province,Xinfeng,Jiangxi 341600,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1061-1071,共11页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260378)。
关键词
杉木
生长性状
遗传变异
苗期选择
聚类分析
综合评价
Chinese fir
growth traits
genetic variation
seedling stage selection
cluster analysis
comprehensive evaluation
