摘要
为探究不同配位环境下有机钛化合物在聚酯缩聚反应过程中的催化性能,采用密度泛函理论(DFT)并结合对苯二甲酸双羟乙酯(BHET)合成聚酯的反应动力学实验,对四甲基酚合钛(Ti·[C_(7)H_(7)O]_(4),Cat1)、乙酰丙酮氧化钛(TiO·[C_(5)H_(7)O_(2)]_(2),Cat2)、异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯(C_(51)H_(112)O_(22)P_(6)Ti,Cat3)3种有机钛化合物进行研究,分析配位基团的电子效应和空间位阻对有机钛催化活性的耦合影响。DFT计算结果表明,3种活性种的中心钛原子的Hirshfeld电荷数值分别为0.661、0.524、0.600,其亲电能力从大到小的顺序为Cat1、Cat3、Cat2。结构分析结果表明,中心钛原子的配位空间从大到小的顺序为Cat2、Cat1、Cat3。催化反应动力学实验表明,Cat1、Cat2、Cat3催化BHET合成聚酯的反应活化能分别为72.41、80.16、102.47 kJ mol,Cat1的催化活性最高,说明配位基团的电子效应和空间位阻共同影响钛催化剂的催化活性。研究结果可为钛系催化剂的设计及调控提供一定的理论基础和参考依据。
Polyethylene terephthalate(PET)has excellent physical and chemical properties and is the most commonly used polyester material.The polycondensation stage of polyester synthesis requires the participation of catalysts.At present,antimony-based catalysts are widely used in industrial production.Antimony-baseds,as a kind of heavy metal compound,have biological toxicity and will cause harm to human health and ecological environment.With the increasing awareness of healthy,the design and development of non-toxic and non-hazardous polyester catalysts has become an important hotspot in the field of polyester research.The titanium-based catalysts are expected to replace the antimony-based catalysts due to the advantages of environmental protection,strong catalytic activity and abundant resources.The high activity of titanium-based catalysts not only increases the reaction rate of the PET polycondensation process,but promotes side reactions such as thermal degradation and thermo-oxidative degradation,which is one of the most prominent problems limiting the application of titanium-based catalysts in polyester synthesis.The regulation of the catalytic activity of titanium-based catalysts is therefore crucial.To investigate the catalytic performance of organotitanium compounds in the condensation synthesis of polyesters under different coordination environments,firstly,density functional theory(DFT)quantum chemistry method was used to study tetramethylphenol titanium(Ti·[C_(7)H_(7O)]4,Cat1),acetyl acetone titanium oxide(TiO·[C 5H 7O 2]2,Cat2),isopropyl tri(dioctylpyrophosphoxy)titanate(C_(51)H_(112)O_(22)P_(6)Ti,Cat3),and the coupling mechanism of electronic effects and steric hindrance of coordination groups on catalytic activity of organotitanium was analyzed theoretically.The Gaussian software was used to carry out structural optimization and energy calculations for the three organotitanium compounds,and the wave functions were extracted from the calculation results.The wave function analysis was carried out by using the Multiwfn software package to obtain the Hirshfeld charge values of the titanium metal centers and the surface distance projection maps were used to assess the effect of steric hindrance.Theoretical calculations show that Cat1 is more capable of forming titanium alcohol salt active species than Cat2 and Cat3;the Hirshfeld charge values for the central titanium atoms of the three active species are:0.661,0.524 and 0.600,respectively,and the Hirshfeld charge is strongly correlated with the electrophilic ability of the atoms:the higher the charge value,the stronger the electrophilic ability.It is found by analyzing the distance between ligands in the surface distance projection that the size of the coordination space is Cat2,Cat1 and Cat3,respectively.The catalytic reaction kinetics experiments results show that the reaction activation energies of Cat1,Cat2 and Cat3 for the synthesis of polyesters from BHET(Dihydroxyethyl terephthalate)are 72.41,80.16 and 102.47 kJ mol,respectively,and the highest catalytic activity is obtained for tetramethylphenolato-titanium(Ti·[C_(7)H_(7)O]_(4),Cat1),indicating that the electronic effect of the ligand group and the spatial site resistance jointly affect the catalytic activity of the titanium-based catalysts,with the electronic effect being more influential than the spatial site resistance.This study is a of certain guiding significance for screening of ligands in adjusting the activity of titanium catalysts in the future.
作者
苏亚
王勇军
陈文兴
吕汪洋
SU Ya;WANG Yongjun;CHEN Wenxing;Lü Wangyang(National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology,Shaoxing 312000,China)
出处
《现代纺织技术》
北大核心
2023年第6期92-99,共8页
Advanced Textile Technology
基金
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C01020)。
关键词
聚酯
有机钛化合物
缩聚反应
催化活性
配位基团
polyester
organic titanium compounds
polycondensation
catalysis
coordination group
