摘要
在行政法与民法日益交融的背景下,行政不作为与民事侵权共同致害的责任分担问题日益凸显。相关司法解释借鉴《民法典》1198条2款,将行政不作为赔偿责任定性为补充责任的做法,不仅存在引发行政不作为赔偿责任规范体系性冲突等法理缺陷,也面临行政不作为赔偿责任范围、数额难以确定等实践难题。在构建行政不作为与民事侵权共同致害责任分担的法理基础时,行政不作为可解释为同时违反公法义务与私法义务,并将行政不作为赔偿责任解释为违反私法义务的侵权赔偿责任。基于充分保护民事权益、维护行政权独立等制度目标,责任分担应以按份责任为原则,连带责任为例外,并区分行政不作为违反公法义务的具体类型。
Under the background of the increasing integration of administrative law and civil law,the issue of apportioning liability jointly arising from administrative omission and civil torts has become increasingly prominent.The relevant judicial interpretation draw on Article 1198(2)of the Civil Code,which qualifies the liability for administrative omission as supplementary liability,which not only has legal deficiencies such as systemic conflicts between norms of liability for administrative omission,but also faces practical difficulties such as difficulty in determining the scope and amount of liability for administrative omission.When constructing the legal basis for the allocation of liability for joint harm caused by administrative omission and civil torts,it should be considered that specific administrative omission can violate both public law obligations and private law obligations,and the liability for administrative omission should be interpreted as tort liability for breach of private law obligations.Protecting civil rights and safeguarding the independence of administrative power are the objectives of the system of apportionment of responsibility for administrative omission,on this basis,apportionment of liability should be based on the principle of proportional liability,with solidary liability as the exception,and distinguish the specific types of administrative omission that violate public law obligations.
作者
姜战军
祝愉快
JIANG Zhan-jun;ZHU Yu-kuai(HUST)
出处
《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期41-50,共10页
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“民法典人格利益合理使用制度解释与适用研究”(23BFX069)。
关键词
行政不作为
责任分担
按份责任
连带责任
administrative omission
apportionment of liability
proportional liability
solidary liability
