摘要
2020—2022年7月和8月,在长春一个废弃露天游泳池录制东亚伏翼(Pipistrellus abramus)捕食蜂鸣,同时使用扫网法收集昆虫样本,探究影响蝙蝠夜间活动的因素。每月开展6次试验,每次持续3 h。利用双尾t检验、单因素方差分析分别检验同一年不同月份、同一月份不同年际间游泳池水量、昆虫丰度和东亚伏翼捕食蜂鸣数量的差异显著性。采用多元回归分析,检验东亚伏翼捕食蜂鸣数量与泳池蓄水量、昆虫丰度的相关性。研究发现:泳池7月的平均蓄水量为10.39%,8月的平均蓄水量为81.61%,泳池在不同月份的蓄水量差异显著(t=-20.86,df=34,p<0.05)。共捕获1147只昆虫,分别隶属于双翅目(Diptera)、鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)、鞘翅目(Coleoptera)、膜翅目(Hymenoptera)和半翅目(Hemiptera)。各目昆虫数量在同年不同月份间、同一月份不同年际间差异均不显著(p>0.05)。共录制到东亚伏翼的1301个捕食蜂鸣,同一月份不同年际间捕食蜂鸣数量差异不显著(F_(July)=0.34,p_(July)>0.05;F_(August)=0.86,p_(August)>0.05)。整体上,8月捕食蜂鸣数量是7月的4.25倍(t=26.81,df=34,p<0.05)。回归分析表明捕食蜂鸣数量与泳池蓄水量呈显著正相关(t=27.89,p<0.05),但与昆虫丰度的关系不明显(p>0.05)。研究结果表明丰水状态的废弃游泳池可能成为东亚伏翼的饮水场所,从而引起活动强度的变化,建议在泳池枯水状态时通过人工注水的方式为蝙蝠提供充足的水源,以维持伴人种蝙蝠种群的生存和繁衍。
In July and August from 2020 to 2022,Japanese pipistrelle (Pipistrellus abramus) predation buzzes were recorded in an abandoned outdoor swimming pool in Changchun,and insect samples were collected using insect nets.The experiments were carried out six times a month.The two sides t test was used to analyze the significance of the difference in water volume,insect abundance and the number of bat predation buzzes between different months.One-way analysis of variance was used to test the significance of the difference between different years.Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the correlation of the number of buzzes with water status and insect abundance.The pool water storage in July was 10.39%significantly less than that (81.61%) in August (t=-20.86,df=34,p>0.05).A total of 1,147 insects were captured,belonging to Diptera,Lepidoptera,Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,Hemiptera.There was no significant difference in the number of insects of each order between different years in the same month (p>0.05) and different months (July and August) in the same year (p>0.05).A total of 1,301 buzzes for P.abramus were recorded,and there was no significant difference in the number of bat buzzes between different years in the same month (F_(July)=0.34,p_(July)0.05;F_(August)=0.86,p_(August)<0.05).As a whole,the number of bat buzzes in August (58.50) was 4.25 times that in July (13.78)(t=26.81,df=34,p>0.05).The number of bat buzzes was significantly correlated with water storage of pool (t=27.89,p<0.05),higher in wet season and lower in dry season,but not related to insect abundance (p>0.05).In conclusion,abandoned swimming pools can provide water resources for bats in wet season.We suggest to provide more available water for bats by artificial recharge in dry season,so as to maintain the diversity of urban bat population.
作者
卢冠军
周延泽
张宇琪
朱红靓
杨文靖
韩雨芙
许振文
LU Guanjun;ZHOU Yanze;ZHANG Yuqi;ZHU Hongliang;YANG Wenjing;HAN Yufu;XU Zhenwen(School of Geographic Sciences,Changchun Normal University,Changchun,130032,China;Affiliated School of Jinan University for Hong Kong&Macao Students,Dongguan,523106,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2023年第4期753-759,共7页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
吉林省教育厅科学技术研究规划项目(JJKH20230913KJ)
长春师范大学研究生科研创新项目([2022]第002号)
长春师范大学自然科学基金项目(2022-009)。
关键词
东亚伏翼
水资源
昆虫丰度
保护建议
Japanese pipistrelle(Pip⁃istrellus abramus)
Water source
Insect abundance
Protection suggestion
