摘要
为探明宁夏菜心产生连作障碍的原因,本研究以种植1年菜心及其根际土壤为对照,测定连作3、6和9年菜心根际土壤的理化性状、酶活性和微生物群落变化以及菜心的农艺性状和品质。结果表明,长期连作(连作9年)导致菜心土壤容重、电导率、全氮、速效钾含量显著升高,在连作9年时土壤容重达1.33 g·cm^(-3),与对照相比,电导率和全氮含量上升了34.21%和54.29%,速效钾含量升高了2.41倍;而pH值、总有机碳、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷含量显著下降,连作9年时,全磷和有效磷含量分别下降了26.55%和26.07%。长期连作菜心根际土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶活性均较对照显著降低,连作9年时最低,分别下降了55.43%、59.28%、33.73%、52.37%,而脲酶活性在连作6年土壤中最高。此外,长期连作改变了菜心根际土壤微生物群落的丰富度和多样性,细菌群落丰富度下降,多样性上升,而真菌群落丰富度和多样性均下降。随着连作年限增加,菜心薹长、茎粗、地上部干鲜重、根干鲜重以及产量均有不同程度的下降,在连作9年时分别较对照下降了39%、18%、26%、22%、28%、41%和22.97%;随着连作年限的增加,菜心可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C含量均下降,连作9年时显著下降了20%、22%和27%。综上所述,长期连作导致菜心土壤环境恶化,引起菜心产量下降,品质变劣。本研究初步探明了宁夏地区菜心长期连作后的生长状况及其根际土壤环境的变化情况,可为后续缓解菜心连作障碍研究提供参考。
In order to investigate the causes of the continuous crop disorder,this study took the one-year planting and its rhizosphere soil as the control,and the 3-year,6-year and 9-year continuous cropping and its rhizosphere soil as research objects.The physicochemical properties,enzyme activity and microbial community changes,as well as the agronomic traits and quality of flowering cabbage were measured.The results showed that continuous cropping induced soil bulk density,conductivity,total nitrogen and fast-acting potassium content increased significantly.After 9-year continuous cropping,soil bulk density was increased by 1.33 g·cm^(-3);compared with control,conductivity and total nitrogen content increased by 34.21%and 54.29%,respectively;rapidly available potassium content increased by 2.41 times.However,continuous cropping caused pH,total organic carbon,total phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and fast-acting phosphorus content decreased significantly.After 9 years’continuous cropping,the total phosphorus and effective phosphorus decreased by 26.55%and 26.07%,respectively.The activities of sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,catalase and cellulase in the rhizosphere soil under continuous cropping were significantly decreased compared with controls After 9 years’continuous cropping,the lowest activities were 55.43%,59.28%,33.73%,and 52.37%,respectively,while urease activity was the highest at 6 years of continuous crop.Long-term continuous crop altered the abundance and diversity of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil,with bacterial community abundance decreasing and diversity increasing,while fungal community abundance and diversity decreased.With the increase of continuous cropping years,the length of carex,stem thickness,aboveground dry and fresh weight,root dry and fresh weight,and yield all decreased by 39%,18%,26%,22%,28%,41%and 22.97%compared with controls,respectively,after 9 years of continuous cropping.With the increase of continuous cropping years,the soluble sugar,soluble protein,and vitamin C content of carex decreased.The soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and vitamin C content of flowering cabbage decreased by 20%,22%and 27%,respectively after 9 years of continuous cropping.In conclusion,the long-term continuous crop led to the deterioration of soil environment of flowering cabbage,which resulted in the decrease of yield and quality of flowering cabbage.In this study,we initially investigated the growth conditions and soil environment of flowering cabbage in Ningxia after long-term continuous crop and provided a reference for the subsequent work that reduce continuous crop disorder of flowering cabbage.
作者
李海俊
张莹
高富成
穆晓国
高虎
叶林
LI Haijun;ZHANG Ying;GAO Fucheng;MU Xiaoguo;GAO Hu;YE Lin(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2052-2062,共11页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BBF02006)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600300)。
关键词
菜心
连作障碍
理化性状
酶活性
微生物群落
flowering cabbage
continuous cropping obstacle
physicochemical properties
enzyme activity
microbial community
