摘要
为减少草炭的开采和提高菇渣资源利用率,探究菇渣堆肥作为育苗基质的可行性。本试验以高温腐熟后的菇渣堆肥为主要原料,添加不同比例的牛粪堆肥、草炭和蛭石进行混合制成复配基质,以黄瓜品种致绿0159为试验材料,研究各复配基质在黄瓜育苗中的应用效果。结果表明,与对照CK1(草炭基质)和CK2(商品基质)相比,菇渣堆肥复配基质(T1~T6)的全量养分和速效养分含量均显著增加。与CK2相比,T6基质的容重和气水比显著增加。相比CK1,T6基质显著增加黄瓜幼苗株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽、地下部干质量和根冠比。T6基质培育的黄瓜幼苗的综合评价指数高于对照和其他基质。黄瓜幼苗株高、叶长、叶宽与基质的容重呈显著正相关关系,与基质总孔隙度呈显著负相关关系。幼苗叶绿素相对含量与基质电导率、速效磷含量呈显著负相关关系。综上所述,菇渣堆肥复配基质具有较好的理化性质,促进黄瓜幼苗生长,尤以T6基质(30%菇渣堆肥+20%牛粪堆肥+30%草炭+20%蛭石)育苗效果较好,可作为黄瓜育苗的复配基质。
In order to reduce the exploitation of peat and improve the utilization rate of mushroom residue resources,the feasibility of mushroom residue compost as seedling substrate was explored.In this experiment,fermented mushroom residue compost was used as main material,and different volumes of cow dung compost,peat and vermiculite were added to make the compound substrates.The cucumber variety 0159 was used as the experimental material to study the application effect of each compound substrate in cucumber seedling.The results showed that compared with CK1(peat substrate)and CK2(commercial substrate),the contents of total nutrients and available nutrients of mushroom residue compost compound substrates(T1-T6)were significantly increased.Compared with CK2,the bulk density and air-water ratio of T6 substrate increased significantly.Compared with CK1,T6 substrate significantly increased plant height,stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,underground dry weight and root-shoot ratio of cucumber seedlings.The comprehensive evaluation index of cucumber seedlings cultured in T6 substrate was higher than that of the control and other substrates.The plant height,leaf length and leaf width of cucumber seedlings were positively correlated with the bulk density of the substrate,and negatively correlated with the total porosity of the substrate.The relative chlorophyll content of seedlings was negatively correlated with the conductivity and the content of available phosphorus of substrate.To sum up,the compound substrate of mushroom residue compost had good physical and chemical properties and promoted the growth of cucumber seedlings.Especially,T6 substrate(30%mushroom residue compost+20%cow dung compost+30%peat+20%vermiculite)had better effect,which could be used as the compound substrate for cucumber seedlings.
作者
李其胜
顾大路
董青君
殷小冬
杨文飞
杜小凤
文廷刚
贾艳艳
杨威
徐永刚
LI Qi-sheng;GU Da-lu;DONG Qing-jun;YIN Xiao-dong;YANG Wen-fei;DU Xiao-feng;WEN Ting-gang;JIA Yan-yan;YANG Wei;XU Yong-gang(Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu,Huaian 223001,China;Huaiyin Normal University,Huaian 223300,China)
出处
《江苏农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1395-1402,共8页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏现代农业产业单项技术研发项目[CX(22)3127]
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20200264)
淮安市农业科学研究院高层次引进人才科研启动发展基金项目(002201901413)
淮安市农业科学研究院科研发展基金项目(HNY202028、HNY202130)。
关键词
菇渣堆肥
基质
黄瓜
穴盘苗
mushroom residue compost
substrates
cucumber
plug seedling
