摘要
为探究豆科与非豆科绿肥混合还田后的养分腐解和释放规律,以豆科绿肥紫云英和箭舌豌豆、非豆科绿肥黑麦草和油菜为材料,在温室大棚内应用尼龙网袋法研究了紫云英、紫云英+黑麦草、紫云英+油菜、箭舌豌豆+黑麦草、箭舌豌豆+油菜5种绿肥混合还田后的腐解特征及氮、磷、钾养分释放动态变化。结果表明:各处理绿肥腐解过程可分为快速腐解期(0~20 d)、中速腐解期(20~70 d)和缓慢腐解期(70~110 d)3个阶段;其中,紫云英还田的腐解率及养分累积释放率均在前三阶段(0~5 d、5~20 d、20~40 d)较高,而紫云英+油菜和箭舌豌豆+油菜还田的在后两阶段(40~70 d、70~110 d)较高;试验结束时(110 d),各处理绿肥累积腐解率为57.61%~66.25%,氮、磷、钾累积释放率分别为57.75%~69.69%、55.54%~64.38%、93.73%~95.71%,表现为钾>氮>磷,其中,紫云英+油菜混合还田的累积腐解率和氮、磷累积释放率最高,箭舌豌豆+黑麦草的钾累积释放量最高。综上可知,绿肥腐解速率和养分释放速率受绿肥种类和不同绿肥混合的影响,紫云英和油菜混合还田更适宜作为长江中下游双季稻稻区氮肥减量配施的绿肥模式。
In order to clarify the decomposing characteristics and nutrient release dynamics of mixed leguminous and non-leguminous green manure back into fields,a greenhouse experiment was conducted by using nylon mesh bag method with leguminous manure milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus)and common vetch(Vicia sativa),and non-leguminous green manure ryegrass(Lolium perenne)and rape(Brassica napus)as materials.Five decomposition treatments were set:milk vetch(T1),milk vetch+ryegrass(T2),milk vetch+rape(T3),common vetch+ryegrass(T4),and common vetch+rape(T5).Results showed that the decomposition process could be divided into rapid decomposition period(0-20 d),medium-speed decomposition period(20-70 d)and slow decomposition period(70-110 d).The decomposing rate and nutrient accumulation release rate of T1 were higher in the first three stages(0-5 d,5-20 d,20-40 d),while those of T3 and T5 were higher in the last two stages(40-70 d,70-110 d).At the end of the experiment(110 d),the cumulative decomposition rates of all treatments were 57.61%-66.25%,and the cumulative release rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 57.75%-69.69%,55.54%-64.38%and 93.73%-95.71%,respectively in the order of K>N>P.Among them,the cumulative decomposition rate and nitrogen and phosphorus cumulative release rates in T3 were the highest,and the cumulative potassium release rate in T4 was the highest.In summary,the decomposition rate and nutrient release rate of green manure are affected by the type of green manure and the mixture of different green manures.Returing the mixture of milk vetch and rape into fields is a more suitable choice for the mode of nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with green manure application in the double cropping rice area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
作者
刘小安
张小毅
刘文露
唐锷
LIU Xiao-an;ZHANG Xiao-yi;LIU Wen-lu;TANG E(Hengyang Vegetable Research Institute,Hengyang 421200,PRC;Hengyang Agricultural Technical Service Center,Hengyang 421200,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2023年第10期30-34,共5页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
衡阳市科技创新重大项目(202150013989)。
关键词
豆科绿肥
非豆科绿肥
腐解
养分释放
leguminous green manure
non-leguminous green manure
decomposition
nutrients release
