摘要
面对强震后的冲击,当前亟待解决当人类群体必需承受各类灾害且不能避免的前提下,通过减轻或消除适应障碍来提升该群体的适应能力的问题。以2021年玛多7.4级地震为例,选取震中烈度为Ⅹ度附近的4个乡镇为调查区域,分析适应障碍特征差异性及其关键影响因素。结果表明:(1)强震后农户面临的适应障碍中规范性障碍最严重、认知障碍最轻;(2)不同生计类型的农户中纯农户、非农户和农兼户的适应障碍依次降低,其中三种农户主要面临的分别为自然障碍、制度障碍和规范性障碍;(3)自然资本是适应障碍的正向影响因素;政府提供补贴是影响适应障碍的最关键决定力,即政府提供补贴越多农户的适应障碍越低;将各因子之间进行交互作用后对适应障碍的影响均有非线性提高,获助机会与政府提供技术推广服务交互作用时决定力最高,即两者交互作用越多农户的适应障碍越低。
Agricultural and pastoral households are the most direct and extensive disaster bearing bodies of strong earthquake disasters and cannot be avoided.Active adaptation to strong earthquake disasters is the fundamental goal of disaster prevention and reduction,and reducing or eliminating adaptation obstacles has become the key to active adaptation.Taking the Maduo 7.4 earthquake in 2021 as an example,four townships near the epicenter intensity X degree are selected as the investigation areas to analyze the differences of adaptation barriers and their key influencing factors.The results show that:(1)Among the adaptation obstacles faced by farmers after the strong earthquake,the normative obstacle is the most serious and the cognitive obstacle is the least.(2)Among the farmers with different livelihood types,the adaptation barriers of pure farmers,non-farmers and rural households decreased successively.The three types of farmers mainly faced natural barriers,institutional barriers and normative barriers respectively.(3)Natural capital is a positive factor affecting the adaptation barrier;The subsidy provided by the government is the most critical determinant affecting the adaptation barrier,that is,the more subsidies provided by the government,the lower the adaptation barrier of the farmers.After the interaction between all factors,the influence on the adaptation barrier is nonlinear.The interaction between the opportunity of assistance and the government’s provision of technology extension service has the highest determining power,that is,the more interaction between the two factors,the lower the adaptation barrier of farmers.
作者
曾祥虎
张丽琼
ZENG Xianghu;ZHANG Liqiong(Gansu Farmers Education Training Administration,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Earthquake AgencyLanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《高原地震》
2023年第3期35-44,共10页
Plateau Earthquake Research
基金
兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站项目(项目编号:2021Y01)、中国地震局震情跟踪定向工作任务(项目编号:2022010411)联合资助。
关键词
高寒强震危险区
农户
适应障碍
生计类型
影响因素
Strong earthquake hazard zones
Farmers
Adaptation barrier
Livelihood capital
Influence factors
