摘要
Photocatalysis has been expected to be a promising advanced oxidation process to endlessly convert exhaustless solar energy into storable,transportable,and usable chemical energy.As a kind of visible light-response semiconductors,Bi-based semiconductors can be developed into step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunction photocatalysts,consisting of a reductive photocatalyst(RP)and an oxidative photocatalyst(OP)with band edge bending.This review sums up the state-of-the-art progress in Bi-based S-scheme heterojunctions,as well as the in-/ex-situ experiments and theoretical calculations to uncover the unique heterostructure and charge transfer mechanism of Bi-based S-scheme heterojunctions in depth.We can find that Bi-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts have advantages in impeding the recombination of photo-induced electron-hole pairs,expediting the charge transfer,broadening solar energy utilization,and maximizing the potential energy of photo-redox reaction sites.Additionally,the recently published work on the potential applications of Bi-based S-scheme heterojunctions is also summarized,including photocatalytic H_(2) production,CO_(2) reduction with water,pollutant degradation,H_(2)O_(2) production,and N_(2) photofixation for ammonia and urea production by comparing and discussing their photocatalytic efficiency.On the basis of research progress,the immediate challenges and future perspectives of Bi-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are critically debated.
基金
jointly supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Zhejiang Provincial Universities and Research Institutes(grant no.2022J002)
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(grant nos.LY20E080014 and TGN23E080003)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.51708504)
the Science and Technology Project of Zhoushan(grant no.2022C41011).
