摘要
磷素是生物生长发育的重要元素,溶磷细菌和丛枝菌根真菌直接参与土壤磷素活化和植物获取磷素的过程,对生态系统磷养分周转与植物产量的形成具有重要意义。从植物获取和利用磷的策略、植物磷素吸收的丛枝菌根真菌协调途径、植物磷素吸收的溶磷细菌协调途径、植物-丛枝菌根真菌-溶磷细菌的协同作用4个方面,总结分析了植物-微生物协作促进磷养分高效吸收利用的作用机制。分析发现:植物的磷素获取过程需要高效的根系适应能力,通过调控根系形态性状、改变根系分泌物成分与分泌量,促进土壤磷素活化;同时,丛枝菌根真菌可通过与植物间的互利共生物质交换,推动根际与菌丝际的土壤生物活性与化学性质变化,促进植物获取磷素;此外,溶磷细菌与植物、丛枝菌根真菌在土壤界面形成积极互作关系,分泌多种有机酸、降低土壤pH值、提高磷活化相关酶活性改善土壤可利用磷水平。在此基础上,对植物-丛枝菌根真菌-溶磷细菌互作促进植物磷素吸收的研究前景进行了展望。未来应重点关注:菌根属性在互作体系中的作用;分析鉴定互作体系成员的代谢物组成及其潜在功能;探讨生物或非生物因素对土壤微生物群落构建及其功能组装的影响。
Phosphorus is an important element for biological growth and development.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are directly involved in the process of soil phosphorus activation and plant phosphorus acquisition,which is of great significance for the turnover of phosphorus nutrients in ecosystems and the formation of plant yield.In this paper,the mechanism of plant-microorganism collaboration in promoting the efficient absorption and utilization of phosphorus nutrients was summarized and analyzed from four aspects:the strategy of plant phosphorus acquisition and utilization,the coordination pathway of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for plant phosphorus absorption,the coordination pathway of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria for plant phosphorus absorption,and the synergy of plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.It was found in the analysis that the phosphorus acquisition process of plants required efficient root adaptability,which promoted soil phosphorus activation by regulating root morphological traits and changing the composition and secretion of root exudates.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could promote the changes of soil biological activity and chemical properties in rhizosphere and hyphosphere by exchanging mutually beneficial symbiotic substances with plants,and promote plants to obtain phosphorus.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria had a positive interaction with plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the soil interface,secreting a variety of organic acids,reducing soil pH,and increasing the activities of phosphorus activation-related enzymes to improve soil available phosphorus levels.On this basis,research prospect of plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiphosphate-solubilizing bacteria interaction to promote plant phosphorus uptake was prospected.Future research should focus on the following aspects:the role of mycorrhizal traits in the interaction system,analysis and identification of metabolite composition and potential functions of the member of the interaction system,and to explore the effects of biotic or abiotic factors on the construction and functional assembly of soil microbial community.
作者
高宁
邢意警
熊瑞
史文辉
GAO Ning;XING Yijing;XIONG Rui;SHI Wenhui(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《浙江农林大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1167-1180,共14页
Journal of Zhejiang A&F University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31901369,32271971)。
关键词
土壤微生物
磷素活化
丛枝菌根真菌
溶磷细菌
互作关系
综述
soil microorganisms
phosphorous activation
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
phosphate-solubilizing bacteria
interaction relationship
review
