摘要
【目的】研究生物质炭基肥对重庆植烟区烤烟Nicotiana tabacum根系发育及产量和品质的影响,为重庆植烟区合理施用生物质炭基肥提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】以‘云烟116’N.tabacum‘Yunyan 116’为材料,设置常规施肥(T1)、生物质炭基有机肥(T2)和生物质炭基复混肥(T3)3个处理,分析施用生物质炭基肥对烤烟根系生理活性、烤后烟化学品质及经济性状的影响。【结果】施用生物质炭基肥可优化烟株根系生理及养分指标。其中,根系活力在移栽后均以T2处理最高,与T1处理相比提高了4.2%~46.8%;侧根条数和不定根条数均以T3处理最多,与T1处理相比分别提高了11.6%~41.1%和19.0%~53.1%;根系氮和钾质量分数随烟株生长而降低,且均以T2处理降幅最缓;根系烟碱质量分数则呈现先升后降趋势,以T2和T3处理较高;施用生物质炭基肥可增加烤烟的产量和产值,提升烤后烟的化学品质,其中以T2处理的产量和产值最高,与T1处理相比分别增加了16.9%和22.6%。此外,生物质炭基肥对烤后烟氮碱比、糖碱比和钾氯比均有提高作用,增强了烟叶内在化学成分的协调性,改善了烟叶品质;相关分析可知:根系钾质量分数(在移栽后30、60和120 d)、氮质量分数(在移栽后60、90和120 d)与烤后烟的化学品质相关性最为密切。【结论】生物质炭基肥有利于烤烟根系的生长发育,可增加烤烟的产量和产值,提升烤后烟的化学品质,其中使用生物质炭基有机肥处理效果更佳。
[Objective]The objective is to explore the effect of biochar-based fertilizer on root development,and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)in Chongqing tobacco growing area,in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the rational application of biochar-based fertilizer in this area.[Method]N.tabacum‘Yunyan 116’was taken as the research object,and three treatments including conventional fertilization(T1),biochar-based organic fertilizer(T2)and biochar-based compound fertilizer(T3)were set up to analyze the effect of biochar-based fertilizer on the physiological activity of flue-cured tobacco root,chemical quality and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco.[Result]The application of biochar-based fertilizer could optimize the physiological and nutrient indexes of tobacco root.The root activity in T2 was the highest after transplantation,which increased by 4.2%−46.8%compared with T1.The number of lateral roots and adventitious roots in T3 was the most,which increased by 11.6%−41.1%and 19.0%−53.1%respectively compared with T1.The contents of nitrogen and potassium in root system decreased with the growth of tobacco plant,and the decrease was the slowest in T2.The nicotine contents in root system increased first and then decreased,and those in T2 and T3 were higher.The application of biochar-based fertilizer could increase the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco and improve the chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco.Among them,T2 treatment had the highest yield and output value,which increased by 16.9%and 22.6%respectively compared with T1.In addition,biochar-based fertilizer could improve the nitrogen alkali ratio,sugar alkali ratio and potassium chloride ratio of flue-cured tobacco,improve the coordination of internal chemical components and improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco.Correlation analysis showed that the potassium contents(at 30,60 and 120 d after transplanting)and the nitrogen contents(at 60,90 and 120 d after transplanting)in root system were most closely related to the chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Conclusion]Biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial to the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco roots,and can increase the output value as well as the chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco.
作者
宋鹏
李慧
江厚龙
赵鹏宇
李理想
赵彪
张均
SONG Peng;LI Hui;JIANG Houlong;ZHAO Pengyu;LI Lixiang;ZHAO Biao;ZHANG Jun(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;Chongqing Tobacco Science Institute,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《浙江农林大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1232-1240,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang A&F University
基金
中国烟草总公司重庆公司科技项目(A20201NY01-1301,A20201NY01-1306)
河南省科技攻关项目(232102110040)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22A210003)
河南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210464086)。
关键词
生物质炭基肥
烤烟
根系
产量
品质
biochar-based fertilizer
flue-cured tobacco
root system
yield
quality
