摘要
探究园林植物叶片对大气颗粒物的滞留能力在不同海拔与冠层高度上的差异,以乌鲁木齐荒山绿化典范区-雅玛里克山榆树(Ulmus pumila)人工林为研究对象,通过叶面尘收集、叶面积测定、洗脱过滤称重等监测方法及多因素方差分析法,对比分析不同海拔、不同冠层高度的榆树叶片对不同粒径大气颗粒物的滞纳能力差异。结果表明,1)榆树单位叶面积PM_(0.2~3)、PM_(3~10)滞纳量随着海拔升高呈现出“先减后增”的趋势,在海拔960 m处滞尘效果最佳;而叶片对PM_(>10)的滞纳量则随海拔的增加呈现出典型的双峰型变化趋势,在海拔844 m处滞尘效果最佳。2)树冠不同高度上叶片滞尘量随时间推移而增多,且叶片对PM_(0.2~3)的滞纳量受冠层高度差异的影响,冠层高度2 m处的榆树叶片对PM_(0.2~3)的滞留量明显高于4 m和6 m处的叶片滞尘量(P<0.05),但不同冠层高度叶片对PM_(3~10)、PM_(>10)的滞纳量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)多因素方差分析表明,海拔、冠层高度、观测天数、海拔×试验天数及海拔×冠层高度×试验天数的交互作用都对榆树单位叶面积PM_(0.2~3)、PM_(3~10)、PM_(>10)滞纳量有显著影响(P<0.01)。榆树叶片滞留颗粒物的能力不仅受到冠层高度的影响,也受海拔差异的影响。因此,在园林树种选配和城市绿化规划工作中应考虑冠层差异和海拔梯度对园林植物滞尘能力的影响。研究结果可为干旱区城市园林绿化实践提供数据支撑。
In order to explore the difference of atmospheric particulate matter retention capacity of plant leaves in different tree canopy layers at different elevations,we selected the elm(Ulmus pumila)plantations with different altitude gradients of the barren greening area in Yamalik Mountain in Urumqi as the research objects.The elm trees at different altitudes and canopy heights in Yamalik urban forest parks were studied by using the methods of leaf dust collection,leaf area measurement,elution filtration and weighing.The results showed that 1)the retention amount of elm leaves to PM_(0.2-3)and PM_(3-10)decreased first and then increased with the increase of altitude,and the optimum value was at 960 m above sea level.The retention amount of PM_(>10)on the leaves showed a typical two two-peak trend with the increase of altitude,and the best value was at 844 m above sea level.2)The amount of dust retention on the leaves with different canopy heights increased with time,and there was significant difference in PM_(0.2-3)on the leaves with different canopy heights.The retention of PM_(0.2-3)at 2 m canopy layer was significantly higher than those at 4 and 6 m of canopy layer(P<0.05),no significant differences were found for PM_(3-10)and PM_(>10)(P>0.05).3)Multivariate variance analysis showed that the interaction of altitude,canopy height,survey days,altitude×survey days and altitude×canopy×survey days had significant effects on the amount of PM_(0.2-3),PM_(3-10)and PM_(>10)(P<0.01).The benefits of elm leaves stagnating particulate matter differ not only by the change of canopy height,but also by the change of altitude gradient,so this difference needs to be considered in the planning and construction of urban park green belts.The results can provide data support for urban greening practices in arid regions.
作者
苏比努尔·沙吾尔丁
张凯迪
玉米提·哈力克
李耀华
Subinur SAWIRDIN;ZHANG Kai-di;müt HALIK;LI Yao-hua(College of Ecology and Environment/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,Xinjiang,China;Sinosteel Wuhan Safety&Environment Protection Research Institute,Wuhan 430080,Hubei,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期54-60,共7页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项项目(2022278346)
国家自然科学基金项目(31770750)。
关键词
海拔梯度
冠层
榆树
大气颗粒物
乌鲁木齐
altitude gradient
canopy layer
elm(Ulmus pumila)
atmospheric particulate matter
Urumqi
