摘要
抑郁症是一种常见的精神类疾病,严重影响患者的身心健康与生活质量,已成为全球重大疾病负担之一。抑郁症病因复杂,其发病机制尚未形成定论,存在多种发病机制假说。目前临床上使用的抗抑郁药物主要通过选择性抑制中枢神经突触前膜对单胺类神经递质的再摄取发挥作用,但这类药物普遍存在起效慢、疗效不佳、耐药性明显等问题。研究人员逐渐将目光转向研发具有新作用机制的抗抑郁药物。中药寡糖与多糖是一类来源丰富的中药活性成分,多项研究表明巴戟天寡糖、远志寡糖酯、茯苓多糖、黄芪多糖等具有较好的抗抑郁活性,其药理作用涉及多种作用机制,包括提高脑内单胺类神经递质水平、抑制下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPA轴)亢进、增加神经营养因子(NTF)表达、调节免疫炎症反应及调节微生物-肠-脑轴等。因此,中药寡糖与多糖可能通过发挥整合调节作用改善抑郁症,成为了安全高效抗抑郁新药研发的重要来源之一。本文系统总结了近年来的研究情况,以期为阐明中药寡糖与多糖的抗抑郁作用机制提供参考。
Depression is a common psychiatric disease that seriously affects the physical and mental health and quality of life of patients,and has become one of the major global disease burdens.The etiology of depression is intricate,and despite extensive research,its pathogenesis remains inconclusive,resulting in various hypotheses of its onset mechanisms.Presently,the primary approach for clinically treating depression involves the utilization of selective inhibitors targeting the reuptake of monoamine neurotransmitters within the central nervous system.However,these drugs are generally characterized by delayed onset of action,limited efficacy and obvious resistance.Recently,researchers have gradually turned their attention to the development of antidepressant drugs with novel mechanisms.Notably,as a category of abundantly available active ingredients in Chinese medicine,numerous pharmacological studies have demonstrated that oligosaccharides and polysaccharides possess promising antidepressant properties,such as Morindae Officinalis Radix oligosaccharides,Polygalae Radix oligosaccharide esters,Poria polysaccharides and Astragali Radix polysaccharides.Their pharmacological mechanisms are various,including enhancing the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain,inhibiting the hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA axis),increasing the expression of neurotrophic factors(NTF),regulating immune-inflammatory responses and modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Therefore,oligosaccharides and polysaccharides from Chinese medicine have become a vital source of safe and effective novel antidepressant candidates due to the potential to improve depression through integrated regulatory effects.This article aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of recent progress to contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides derived from Chinese medicine.
作者
王雨露
蔡朔
李彬
WANG Yulu;CAI Shuo;LI Bin(State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 210009,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第24期210-217,共8页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81973703)。
关键词
中医药
寡糖
多糖
抗抑郁作用
神经递质
下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPA轴)
免疫炎症反应
traditional Chinese medicine
oligosaccharides
polysaccharides
antidepressant effects
neurotransmitters
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA axis)
immunoinflammatory response
