摘要
转向系统作为大型高地隙自走式喷雾机的重要组成部分,其性能的优劣直接影响喷雾机的操纵稳定性、行驶平顺性和施药效率,合理的转向传动机构可以有效减小车辆转向过程中的侧滑及轮胎磨损。针对大型高地隙自走式喷雾机结构特点和作业环境,结合转向系统设计要求,在转向定位参数设计计算的基础上,设计一种适用于大型高地隙自走式喷雾机转向传动机构,建立其准确的三维模型,并利用ADAMS/Car进行平行轮跳试验,最后利用ADAMS/Insight对其结果进行转向定位参数优化。仿真结果表明:优化后的转向系统在轮跳幅值为±50 mm的仿真试验中,前轮前束变化幅度减小72%,前轮外倾角变化幅度降低58.4%,立轴内倾角变化幅度减小16.9%,变化幅度显著减小且更加平缓,提高整车的操纵稳定性,减少转向过程中的轮胎磨损,可更好地满足高地隙自走式喷雾机的转向作业需求。基于自主研制的3WPG-3000型高地隙自走式喷雾机,搭建转向系统实车试验平台,通过GPS设备,对不同转向模式下喷雾机的同心圆转向轨迹进行测定,试验结果表明,两轮转向模式下转向半径为6.85 m,四轮转向模式下转向半径为5.12 m,同时,所设计的转向系统在不同转向模式下均可较好地完成同心圆转动,可以满足喷雾机在不同工况下的转向需求。
As an important part of high clearance self-propelled sprayer,the steering system directly affects the handling stability,driving smoothness and spraying efficiency of the sprayer.A reasonable steering transmission mechanism can effectively reduce the side slip and tire wear during the steering process of the sprayer.According to the structural characteristics and operating environment of the high clearance self-propelled sprayer,combined with the design requirements of the steering system,on the basis of the design and calculation of the steering positioning parameters,a steering transmission mechanism suitable for high clearance self-propelled sprayer was designed,meanwhile,the three-dimensional model was established,the parallel wheel jump test was conducted by ADAMS/Car,and the steering positioning parameters were optimized using ADAMS/Insight.The simulation results revealed that in the simulation test of the optimized steering system with a wheel jump amplitude of±50 mm,the change range of the front wheel toe-in was reduced by 72%,the change range of the front wheel camber angle was reduced by 58.4%,and the change range of the vertical axis inclination angle was reduced by 16.9%,the change was significantly smaller and more gradual,which improved the handling stability of the whole vehicle and reduced the tire wear during the steering process.Based on the self-developed 3WPG-3000 high clearance self-propelled spray,a real vehicle test platform for the steering system was built,and the concentric steering trajectory of the spray under different steering modes was measured by the GPS equipment.The test results revealed that the steering radius was 6.85 m under two-wheel steering mode and 5.12 m under four-wheel steering mode.At the same time,the designed steering system could complete the concentric circle rotation well in different modes,which could meet the steering requirements of the sprayer under different working conditions.
作者
李伟
杨帆
毛恩荣
邵明玺
李志香
杜岳峰
Li Wei;Yang Fan;Mao Enrong;Shao Mingxi;Li Zhixiang;Du Yuefeng(The Open University of China,Beijing,100039,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment,College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing,100083,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining,810016,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2023年第11期50-56,86,共8页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010728)。
关键词
高地隙自走式喷雾机
转向传动机构
转向定位参数
转向试验
clearance self-propelled sprayer
steering transmission mechanism
steering positioning parameters
steering test
