摘要
屋顶绿化作为一种新型绿色基础设施与基于自然的解决方案,已成为提升城市生态韧性与维持生物多样性的重要生态路径。然而,目前城市生态网络研究多关注二维的地面生态空间,而顾及屋顶绿化的三维生态网络构建研究尚不多见。以南京市中心城区为例,基于LiDAR、高分辨率遥感及建筑属性等多源数据,采用多因子叠置与电路理论等方法,构建了顾及屋顶绿化的城市三维生态网络整合分析框架:即采用多因子叠置方法,从建筑高度、屋面坡度、建筑年代、历史文化属性四个方面分析了屋顶绿化建设的适宜性;其次,结合建筑与植被三维结构特征数据,采用电路理论构建了有无屋顶绿化两种情景下的生态网络;最后,通过比较生态廊道数量、长度、平均阻力等指标分析了屋顶绿化对城市三维生态网络结果的潜在影响。研究结果表明:1)研究区有46.59%的屋顶适宜进行绿化,表明屋顶绿化具有很大的发展潜力。2)顾及屋顶绿化的生态廊道数量由205条增加到209条,生态网络总长度增加,单位长度阻力值减小,表明屋顶绿化能够显著提高城市生态空间的景观连通性、增加生态廊道密度,为高流动性生物提供重要的栖息地和垫脚石。3)屋顶绿化对城市生态网络优化的作用存在显著的空间差异,在城市中心区的优化作用最大,工业区次之,在生态良好片区优化作用较小。研究结果可为实现城市高密度区域地面生态空间与屋顶绿化空间的整合分析与统筹规划提供决策参考。
As a new green infrastructure and nature-based solution,green roofs have become an important ecological strategy to enhance urban ecological resilience and maintain biodiversity.However,urban ecological network studies mostly focus on 2D ground ecological space,and few studies focus on the construction of 3D ecological network considering green roofs.The studies of 3D ecological network that integrate ground and roof space and take green roofs into account are much less common.Green roofs can play an important role in improving landscape connectivity between fragmented urban ecological patches and optimizing the 3D urban ecological network.Therefore,it is necessary to integrate ground and rooftop ecological spaces,and to conduct research on the construction of urban 3D ecological networks that take green roofs into account,to fulfill the effective connection between urban green roof ecosystems and ground ecological spaces.In this paper,based on the data of LiDAR,high-resolution remote sensing,and building attributes,we firstly structured a framework to integrate urban 3D ecological networks and green roofs by the multi-factor superposition and circuit theory.We used multifactor superposition to analyze the suitability of green roofs in four aspects:building height,roof slope,building age,and historical and cultural attributes.Secondly,combining 3D structural features data of buildings and vegetation,we constructed the ecological networks under two scenarios with or without green roofs by the method of circuit theory.Finally,the potential impact of green roofs on urban 3D ecological networks was analyzed by comparing the number,length and average resistance of ecological corridors.The results showed that:1)There were 2879.62 hm^(2) of roofs in the study area suitable for greening,accounting for 46.59% of the total roof area in the study area.It indicated that green roofs had great potential for development.2)The number of ecological corridors considering green roofs increased from 205 to 209,the total length of the ecological network increased and the resistance value per unit length decreased,indicating that green roofs could significantly improve the landscape connectivity of urban ecological spaces,increase the density of ecological corridors,and provide important habitats and stepping stones for high-mobility species.3)The effects of green roofs on ecological networks were significantly regional different,with the largest optimization effect in the central urban area,followed by the industrial area,and few optimization effects in ecologically sound areas.The results of the study can provide decision basis and reference information for analysis and planning of ground ecological space and green roof space in highdensity urban areas.
作者
王一鸣
尹海伟
孔繁花
苏杰
WANG Yiming;YIN Haiwei;KONG Fanhua;SU Jie(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第22期9121-9132,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3802604,2017YFE0196000)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878328,32171571)。
