摘要
目的了解北京市怀柔区外环境禽流感病毒污染情况及职业暴露人群禽流感病毒感染现状,为防控人感染禽流感病毒提供科学依据。方法2016—2022年北京市怀柔区疾病预防控制中心采集3540份活禽交易市场、家禽和猪类生活外环境标本,野禽粪便标本。送北京市疾病预防控制中心,采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应进行禽流感病毒核酸检测。对2017年采集的600份禽类、猪类从业人员及社区人员的外周静脉血样本,采用血凝抑制试验进行禽流感亚型抗体滴度检测,H9N2亚型以抗体滴度≥1∶80判定为阳性,其他亚型(H5N6、H7N9 AH、H7N9 HN和H6N2)以抗体滴度≥1∶40判定为阳性。结果3540份外环境及粪便标本禽流感病毒核酸检测均为阴性。600份外周静脉血样本检出抗体阳性63份,阳性率为10.50%(63/600)。5种禽流感亚型(H9N2、H5N6、H7N9 AH、H7N9 HN和H6N2)均有检出,其中H5N6亚型阳性检出率最高,为4.83%(29/600)。H7N9 AH(安徽株)亚型阳性人群中,去过活禽摊位市场人员的抗体阳性检出率(9.09%,3/33)高于未去过的人群(2.12%,12/567),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.22,P=0.044)。H5N6亚型阳性人群中,接触过活禽的人群抗体阳性检出率(7.10%,22/310)高于未接触过活禽的人群(2.41%,7/290),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.14,P=0.008)。H6N2亚型抗体阳性率在猪类从业人员(5.00%,10/200)、有慢性病人员(4.27%,5/117)、接触过活禽人群(3.55%,11/310)、去过活禽养殖场所人群(5.52%,10/181)、接触过活猪人群(5.24%,10/191)中较高,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为:14.51、4.81、10.48、19.63、18.02,P均<0.05)。结论怀柔区社区人群及禽类、猪类职业暴露人群存在禽流感病毒隐性感染,应进一步强化外环境监测,同时加强人群尤其是职业暴露人群的主动监测,防控禽流感疫情的发生和蔓延。
Objective To understand the current contamination situation of avian influenza virus(AIV)in external environment and infection among occupationally exposed populations in Huairou district of Beijing,so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human AIV infection.Methods Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect AIV nucleic acids in 3540 samples including external environmental samples from live poultry market,poultry and pigs and wild birds stool samples,which were collected by Huairou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the period from 2016 to 2022 and submitted to Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.The hemagglutination inhibition method was used to detect the serum AIV antibody titer on 600 peripheral vein blood samples collected from poultry and swine practitioners and community people in 2017.H9N2 subtype was determined based on the criterion of antibody titer≥1∶80,and other subtypes(H5N6,H7N9 AH,H7N9 HN and H6N2)based on the criterion of antibody titer≥1∶40.Results The results of nucleic acids detection of AIV on the 3540 external environmental samples and stool samples were all negative.Of the 600 peripheral vein blood samples,63 were positive for antibodies,with a detection rate of 10.50%.Five AIV subtypes(H9N2,H5N6,H7N9 AH,H7N9 HN and H6N2)were all detected in the serum samples,among which the H5N6 subtype had the highest detection rate(4.83%,29/600).Among the people detected positive for the H7N9 AH subtype(Anhui strain),the antibody detection rate was higher in those who had been to a live poultry market(9.09%,3/33)than in those who had not(2.12%,12/567),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=6.22,P=0.044).Among the people detected positive for the H5N6 subtype,the antibody detection rate was higher in the people who had contacted with live poultry(7.10%,22/310)than in those who had not(2.41%,7/290),also with statistically significant difference(χ2=7.14,P=0.008).The antibody detection rates for the H6N2 subtype were higher among swine practitioners(5.00%,10/200),people with chronic diseases(4.27%,5/117),people who had contacted with live poultry(3.55%,11/310),people who had been to a live poultry market(5.52%,10/181),and people who had contacted with live pigs(5.24%,10/191)than in their counterparts,all with statistically significant differences(χ2=14.51,4.81,10.48,19.63,18.02,all P<0.05).Conclusions The community people and the people occupationally exposed to poultry and swine in Huairou district have recessive infection of AIV.It is necessary to further strengthen the surveillance of AIV contamination in external environment and active surveillance of AIV infection in occupationally exposed population,in order to prevent and control the occurrence and spread of avian influenza.
作者
赵小娟
王保东
李超
姬莉莉
ZHAO Xiaojuan;WANG Baodong;LI Chao;JI Lili(Huairou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101400,China)
出处
《中国病毒病杂志》
CAS
2023年第5期353-358,共6页
Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases
关键词
禽流感病毒
外环境
血清流行病学
监测
职业暴露人群
Avian influenza virus
External environment
Seroepidemiology
Surveillance
Occupational exposure
