摘要
为了更好地发挥校园药用植物在教学中的作用,本文通过实地调查、标本采集、鉴定和文献查阅,对我校校园药用植物资源进行了系统调查分析。共鉴定到药用植物120种,隶属于38科、93属。其中被子植物112种(双子叶植物105种,单子叶植物7种),裸子植物8种。在鉴定分类的基础上,编写出了校园植物名录,同时对120种药用植物的生长型、药用部位及功效进行了归类分析。结果表明,我校校园药用植物群落组成较为简单,物种多样性偏低;大多数为草本,木本偏少,尤其是高大乔木和藤本,导致群落垂直结构不够合理,遮阴效果较差,垂直绿化不足。除了药用植物园,其他绿化区域药用植物景观较少。按药用部位分根及根茎类最多,按功效分清热药最多。在调查分析的基础上,提出了校园绿化建议:结合校园地形、建筑物、道路、广场等整体规划布局,在保护现有物种的基础上,适当增加适宜本地区生长的药用植物种类和数量,提高校园药用植物的物种多样性,使之能更好地为教学和科研提供方便,同时辅以其他绿化植物,打造药用植物景观,充分体现中医院校的文化特色和美学内涵。研究结果可为本校相关专业课程的实践教学和研究以及校园绿化总体规划提供参考。
Through field investigation,specimen collection,identification and literature review,the medicinal plant resources were investigated and analyzed systematically in Dingxi campus,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,so as to better play the role of medicinal plant in teaching.A total of 120 species of medicinal plants belonging to 93 genera and 38 families were identified.There were 112 species of angiosperms and 8 species of gymnosperms.Among angiosperms,there were 105 species of dicotyledons and 7 species of monocots.On the basis of identification and classification,a list of campus plants was compiled,and the growth pattern,medicinal parts and efficacy of 120 kinds of medicinal plants were classified and analyzed.The results showed that the community composition of medicinal plants on campus was relatively simple and the species diversity was low.Most of the plants were herbaceous and less woody plants,especially tall macrophanerophytes and lianas,which resulted in unreasonable vertical structure of the community,poor shading effect and insufficient vertical greening.In addition to the medicinal botanical garden,there were few medicinal plant landscapes in other green areas.Root and rhizome were the most according to the medicinal parts.The most were antipyretic according to the efficacy.On the basis of investigation and analysis,some suggestions on campus greening are put forward:in order to improve the diversity of medicinal plants on campus and make them more convenient for teaching and scientific research,it is necessary to increase the species and quantities of medicinal plants suitable for local growth in combination with the overall planning and layout of the campus.At the same time,other green plants are used to create a medicinal plant landscape,which fully reflects the cultural characteristics and aesthetic connotation of Chinese medicine university.The research results can provide reference for the practical teaching and research of relevant professional courses as well as the overall planning of campus greening.
作者
贺莉萍
HE Liping(Dingxi campus,Gansu University of Chinese Medicinee,Dingxi 743000,China)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》
2023年第4期44-51,59,共9页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
2020年度甘肃省高等教育教学成果培育项目“以应用型人才培养为导向的高职药学类专业教学改革研究”
甘肃中医药大学定西校区2019年教育教学研究改革重点项目(JGZD201904)
甘肃省教育科学‘十三五’规划2019年度一般课题(GS[2019]GHB2040)
甘肃中医药大学2021年教学研究与改革一般项目(YBXM-2021-31)。
关键词
药用植物
资源
调查分析
medicinal plants
resource
investigation and analysis
