摘要
为实现对国家公园资源生态保护与社会利用之间冲突的有效治理,全球多个国家于20世纪末开始广泛推行协同共治。加拿大公园管理局在促进国家公园与原住居民协同共治方面开展了长达近50年的探索与实践。文中基于加拿大公园管理局档案资料,通过分析发现:加拿大公园管理局构建了一个“三层五维”的框架体系,体现为纵向体系上顶层战略规划、中层项目推动和基层实践创新三层逐级推进,横向体系上实践研究赋智、程序规则约束、组织网络沟通、话语制度赋权和多元能力支持五维协同驱动,最终形成“权利赋予—能力改善—行为践行”的三位一体增能赋权体系和“多元实践—研究反馈—制度优化”的动态调整机制,促进了协同共治框架的全面有效运行。中国可借鉴加拿大公园管理局与原住居民协同共治的有益经验,构建共治框架体系、组织网络体系和原住居民增能赋权体系等,以推动中国国家公园与原住居民共建共治共享体系的形成。
In order to effectively govern the conflicts between ecological protection and social utilization of resources in national parks,many countries around the world began to widely implement collaborative governance at the end of the 20th century.Parks Canada Agency has been exploring and practicing the collaborative governance of national parks with indigenous peoples for nearly 50 years.Based on text analyses of the archives from Parks Canada Agency,we find that Parks Canada Agency has built a framework that integrates three layers and five dimensions.The three vertical layers include strategic planning at the top layer,project promotion at the middle layer,and grassroot practice innovation on the ground,while the five horizontal clusters of synergy are empowerment through practical research,constraint with procedural rules,communication through organizational network,empowerment through discourse system,and support with multi-capacity.As the ultimate outcomes,a three-in-one empowerment system of empowerment-capacity improvement-practice and a dynamic adjustment mechanism of multiple practice-research feedback-system optimization are established to prompt the comprehensive and effective operations of collaborative governance.In the future,we can learn from the beneficial experience of Parks Canada's collaborative governance with indigenous people,and promote the formation of the collaborative construction,collaborative governance and sharing system that could be operated together by national parks and local residents by establishing the co-governance framework,organizational network system,and indigenous empowerment system.
作者
陈莉
田甜
Wu Wanli
Wang Guangyu
杨嬛
Chen Li;Tian Tian;Wu Wanli;Wang Guangyu;Yang Huan(College of Economics and Management,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China;National Park Research Centre,University of British Columbia,Vancouver V6T1Z4,Canada;College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《世界林业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期119-125,共7页
World Forestry Research
基金
中国国家留学基金委资助项目“国家公园与周边社区协同发展研究”(201908370044)
2021年度青岛市社会科学规划研究项目“青岛社会组织公信力建设研究”(QDSKL2101247)
青岛农业大学乡村振兴研究院乡村产业研究中心课题“农业科技创新孵化网络研究”(661-1122008)。
关键词
国家公园
原住居民
协同共治
治理框架
加拿大
national park
indigenous people
collaborative governance
governance framework
Canada
