摘要
目的 分析在老龄化加速的社会背景下,居家老人生存质量现状及其和社会支持、家庭功能、人口学变量的关系,寻找提高居家老年人生存质量的路径。方法 2020年3月—2021年5月采用一般资料调查表、社会支持量表(social suport rating scale,SSRS)、家庭功能量表(family apgar index,APGAR)和中文版世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(world health organization quality of life,WHOQOL-BREF)对广东省1 981名居家老人进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 1 981名居家老人家庭功能总分M(P25,P75)为8.00(6.00,9.00)分,社会支持总分为42.00(37.00,47.00)分,生存质量生理领域得分为57.14(50.00,67.86)分,心理领域得分为54.17(50.00,66.67)分,社会领域得分为58.33(50.00,75.00)分,环境领域得分为62.50(53.13,71.88)分。不同文化程度、退休金、健康状况、子女数量、婚姻状况、居住区域组群中,老人家庭功能、社会支持、生存质量得分比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。居家老人家庭功能与生存质量生理领域、心理领域、社会领域、环境领域均呈正相关(r=0.28、0.33、0.37、0.40,均P<0.01);居家老人社会支持与生存质量生理领域、心理领域、社会领域、环境领域均呈正相关(r=0.27、0.32、0.39、0.33,均P<0.01)。结论 广东省居家老人家庭功能较好,社会支持呈现中等水平,生存质量各领域处于较低水平。家庭功能和社会支持与生存质量均有显著相关性,应根据老人年龄、性别等特点,采取积极干预措施提高老人家庭功能、社会支持水平,从而提高其生存质量。
Objective To investigate the current qualityof life of the home-based elderly under the social background of accelerated aging,analyzed its correlation with social support,family function and demographic variables,and find the ways to improve the quality of life of the home-based elderly. Methods From March 2020 to May 2021,1 981 home-based elderly people in Guangdong Province were investigated by the general information questionnaire,social support rating scale(SSRS),family apgar index(APGAR),and Chinese version of world health organization quality of life(WHOQOL-BREF),and the data were analyzed. Results Among1 981 home-based elderly people,the total score[M(P_(25),P_(75))] of family function and social support was 8.00(6.00,9.00) and 42.00(37.00,47.00)points respectively. For the quality of life,the scores of physiological field,psychological field,socialfield,and environmental field were 57.14(50.00,67.86),54.17(50.00,66.67),58.33(50.00,75.00) and 62.50(53.13,71.88)points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of family function,social support,and quality of life among home-based elderly people with different education background,pension,health status,number of children,marital status,and residential area(all P<0.05). The family function of home-based elderly people was positively correlated with the quality of life in the physiological field,psychological field,social field and environmental field(r=0.28,0.33,0.37,0.40,all P<0.01). The social support of home-based elderly people was positively correlated with the quality of life in the physiological field,psychological field,social field and environmental field(r=0.27,0.32,0.39,0.33,all P<0.01). Conclusions The family function of home-based elderly in Guangdong Province is good,the social support presents is at a moderate level and the quality of life is at a low level. The family function and social support are significantly related with quality of life,and active intervention measures should be taken to improve the family function and social support according to the age and gender of the elderly,so as to improve their quality of life.
作者
何丽丽
曹希
梁明进
张锡红
梁美权
陈琳
HE Lili;CAO Xi;LIANG Mingjin;ZHANG Xihong;LIANG Meiquan;CHEN Lin(Guangdong Maoming Health Vocational College,Maoming Guangdong,525000,China;School of Nursing,Sun Yatsen University,Guangzhou Guangdong,510080,China;Maoming Dianbai District People's Hospital,Maoming Guangdong,525000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第20期2804-2808,2813,共6页
Occupation and Health
基金
广东省教育厅普通高校重点科研项目(2020ZDZX1093)
茂名市科学技术局科技计划项目(2019313)
广东茂名健康职业学院人文社会科学项目(MJZYk2019012)。
关键词
居家老人
家庭功能
社会支持
生存质量
影响因素
Home-based elderly
Family function
Social support
Quality of life
Influencing factors
