摘要
外来植物归化因其对本地生态系统有潜在的入侵风险而受到生态学家的广泛关注。群落和种群结构反映植物的环境适应性、种群地位、稳定性和发展趋势,可为判定外来植物归化提供可靠依据。榅桲(Cydonia oblonga)为在全球广泛引种栽培达4000多年的古老果树,引入中国已有2500多年,但关于其野外逸生种群的生存状态未见报道。以目前中国唯一逸生地——湖南省褒忠山的榅桲种群为对象,在其所在群落物种组成和群落结构分析的基础上,采用时空替代法,运用静态生命表、生存曲线和时间序列预测模型对榅桲种群动态进行了定量分析。结果表明:(1)群落内共有维管束植物20科28属31种,其中木本植物16种,草本植物15种;区系以温带成分为主,占群落内非世界分布总属数的75%;(2)群落具有明显层次结构,可分灌木层和草本层,灌木层个体集中于0—1.5 m高度级,占总个体数的81.81%;(3)种群龄级结构呈近倒“J”型,存活曲线趋近于Deevey-Ⅱ型,具有稳定的更新潜力;(4)生存分析表明榅桲种群具有前期优势、中期减少、后期稳定的特点;时间序列预测表明该种群个体数量未来能够持续增长,但幼苗及小树个体基本保持稳定,其种群更新能力一般。结果显示,榅桲已归化,研究可为区域外来物种管理和榅桲的进一步开发利用提供科学参考。
The naturalization of alien plants has attracted extensive attention from ecologists because it has a potential invasion risk for the local ecosystem.Community and population structure reflect the environmental adaptability,population status,stability and development trend of plants,and can provide a reliable basis for judging the naturalization of alien plants.Cydonia oblonga is an ancient fruit introduced and cultivated worldwide for more than 4000 years.It has been introduced to China for more than 2500 years,but there was yet to be reported about the living state of its wild feral population in China.This paper took C.oblonga population of Baozhong Mountain,Hunan,China's only place of wild C.oblonga population,as the research object.We analyzed the species composition and the community structure based on the space-for-time substitution method.We conducted a quantitative analysis of the population dynamic of C.oblonga using a static life table,survival curve,and time-sequence model.The results showed that:(1)There were 20 families,28 genera and 31 vascular plant species including 16 woody species and 15 herbaceous species in the community.The floristic composition was mainly temperate plants which accounted for 75%of non-cosmopolitan genera in the community.(2)The community showed an obviously hierarchical structure including shrub layer and herb layer.The individuals of shrub species were concentrated in the 0-1.5 m height class,accounting for 81.81%of the total number of individuals.(3)The age-class structure of the community showed a nearly reverse"J"growth curve,and the survival curve was closer to the Deevey-Ⅱ type,indicating the stable renewal potential of C.oblonga population.(4)The survival analysis showed that the growth of the population was characterized by an increase in the early stage,decline in the middle stage,and stabilization in the later stage.Time series prediction showed that the populations of C.oblonga would increase in the future,and the number of seedlings and immature trees would remain stable,indicating its low regeneration capability.According to the results,C.oblonga has been naturalized in China.This research can provide a scientific reference to managing alien plants in the region and further developing and utilizing Cydonia oblonga.
作者
黄松
李家湘
谢勇
刘文倩
龚群龙
邓梦达
黄明增
赵茉涵
HUANG Song;LI Jiaxiang;XIE Yong;LIU Wenqian;GONG Qunlong;DENG Mengda;Huang Mingzeng;ZHAO Mohan(College of Forestry,Central South Unirersity of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,China;College of Furniture and Art Design,Central South University of Forestry&Tecnology,Changsha 410004,China;Central South Inventory and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Changsha 410014,China;Forestry Administration of Xiangtan Municipality,Xiangtan 41199,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第21期8840-8851,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19050401)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(C030602)。
关键词
榅桲
归化植物
群落结构
种群动态
Cydonia oblonga
naturalized plants
community structure
population dynamics
