摘要
浮游植物为河流生态系统的初级生产者,其动态变化关系到渔业资源和水生态系统的稳定。分别于2021年枯水期(3月)、丰水期(7月)和平水期(11月)对珠江3个典型河段开展浮游植物群落结构调查,利用生物多样性等指标评价水质现状,为珠江水污染防治和水生态恢复提供技术支撑。结果显示,浮游植物种类、密度、生物量和优势种呈现显著的时空变化(P<0.05)。全年共鉴定出浮游植物187种,3、7和11月分别鉴定出117、98和77种,平均密度分别为8.6×10^(5)、7.2×106和4.0×10^(5)个·L^(−1),生物量分别为1.2354、4.6745和0.5698 mg·L^(−1),其中丰水期北江流溪河石角段蓝藻密度高达1.18×107个·L^(−1)(达到轻微蓝藻水华水平)。上游北江流溪河河段浮游植物群落结构由枯水期的绿藻型演变为丰水期的绿藻-蓝藻型,全年以四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)、细小平裂藻(Merismopedia tenuissima)和被甲栅藻博格变种双尾变型(S.armatus var.boglariensis f.bicaudatus)为优势种,下游珠江河口莲花山到大虎岛段呈硅藻型到硅藻-蓝藻型的演变,以颗粒直链藻(Melosira granulata)和细小平裂藻为优势种。Shannon多样性指数(H')、Pielou均匀度指数(J')和Margalef丰富度指数(D)分别介于1.58~3.05、0.51~0.84和1.60~3.42。基于生物多样性指数综合评价显示,被调查的珠江3个典型河段水质介于轻度污染到α-中污染之间,水质仍需治理改善。
As the primary producer of river ecosystem,the dynamic changes of phytoplankton are related to the stability of fishery resources and water ecosystem.We investigated the community structure of phytoplankton in three typical sections of the Pearl River in dry season(March),wet season(July)and level season(November)in 2021,and evaluated the current situation of water quality by biodiversity and other indicators,so as to provide technical support for the Pearl River water pollution control and water ecological restoration.Results indicate that the species composition,abundance and dominant species of phytoplankton showed significant spatiotemporal changes(P<0.05).A total of 187 species were identified throughout the year(117 in March,98 in July and 77 in November).The average cell abundance of phytoplankton was 8.6×10^(5),72.1×10^(5)and 4.0×10^(5)cells·L^(−1),and the biomass was 1.2354,4.6745 and 0.5698 mg·L^(−1)in March,July and November,respectively.The abundance of Cyanophyta reached 1.18×107 cells·L^(−1)(Slight cyanobacteria bloom level)in Shijiao section of the Pearl River in wet season.The phytoplankton community structure in the upper reaches of the Pearl River changed from chlorophyta type in dry season to chlorophyta-cyanobacteria type in wet season,and Scenedesmus quadricauda,Merismopedia tenuissima and S.armatus var.boglariensis f.bicaudatus were the dominant species throughout the year.In the lower reaches,the phytoplankton community structure changed from diatomic type to diatom-cyanobacteria type,with Melosira granulata and M.tenuissima as the dominant species.Shannon-Wiener index(H'),Pielou index(J')and Margalef index(D)were 1.58–3.05,0.51–0.84 and 1.60–3.42,respectively.According to the comprehensive evaluation based on the biodiversity indexes,the water quality in the three typical reaches of the Pearl River was between mild pollution andα-medium pollution,and the water quality still needs to be improved.
作者
陈亮东
詹建坡
王庆
CHEN Liangdong;ZHAN Jianpo;WANG Qing(Station of Guangzhou Agricultural and Mechanizational Extension,Guangzhou 510220,China;Department of Ecology,Jinan University/Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510632,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China)
出处
《南方水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1-10,共10页
South China Fisheries Science
基金
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515011387)
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)创新团队建设项目(311022011)。
关键词
浮游植物
群落结构
生物多样性
水质评价
珠江
Phytoplankton
Community structure
Biodiversity index
Water quality assessment
Pearl River
