摘要
目的分析成都地区Ⅰ型过敏反应性疾病(以下简称过敏性疾病)患者血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白(Ig)E抗体检测结果及分布特征,为过敏性疾病的防治提供流行病学资料和诊断依据。方法将2018年9月至2022年12月于四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院确诊并进行过敏原特异性IgE抗体检测的19744例患者纳入研究,采用酶联免疫快速试纸条技术检测血清中过敏原特异性IgE抗体的水平,按照不同年龄段、性别、季节、疾病分组统计特异性过敏原检测结果的阳性情况,分析特异性过敏原的分布特点与规律。结果19744例过敏性疾病患者中,共8406例过敏原特异性IgE检测结果为阳性,阳性率为42.57%;吸入性过敏原以屋尘螨(15.17%)、屋尘(10.86%)、猫毛皮屑(4.04%)为主;食入性过敏原以牛奶(2.26%)、牛肉(1.68%)、蛋清(0.86%)为主,吸入性过敏原阳性率高于食入性过敏原阳性率(P<0.05)。男性阳性率高于女性(P<0.05)。10~<18岁患者过敏原阳性率最高,且以屋尘螨、屋尘和猫毛皮屑为主。秋季过敏原阳性率最高,其次为春季、冬季,夏季最低,均以屋尘螨、屋尘和猫毛皮屑为主。不同过敏性疾病类型过敏原阳性率结果:过敏性鼻炎>过敏性哮喘>湿疹>其他>过敏性紫癜>荨麻疹。除鳕鱼、蟹、芒果、花生外的所有过敏原阳性率在不同疾病间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成都地区过敏性疾病患者呈现如下特征:以吸入性过敏原为主;男性过敏原阳性率高;10~<18岁患者居多;秋季易于患病;过敏性鼻炎最多。这可为该地区过敏性疾病的防治提供参考依据。
Objective To analyze the detection results and distribution characteristics of serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin(Ig)E in patients with typeⅠallergic diseases(hereinafter referred as allergic diseases)in Chengdu area,and to provide epidemiological data and diagnostic basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods A total of 19744 patients diagnosed with allergen-specific IgE antibody screening in Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences·Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital from September 2018 to December 2022 were included in this study.The serum level of allergen-specific IgE antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent rapid test strip technology.According to different age,gender,season and disease groups,the positive results of specific allergens were counted,and the distribution characteristics and rules of specific allergens were analyzed.Results Among the 19744 patients with allergic diseases,8406 were positive for allergen-specific IgE,and the positive rate was 42.57%.The main inhaled allergens were house dust mites(15.17%),house dust(10.86%)and cat dander(4.04%).Milk(2.26%),beef(1.68%)and egg white(0.86%)were the main food allergens.The positive rate of inhaled allergens was higher than that of food allergens(P<0.05).The positive rate of male was higher than that of female(P<0.05).The positive rate of allergens in patients aged 10-<18 years was the highest,and the main allergens were house dust mites,house dust and cat dander.The positive rate of allergens was the highest in autumn,followed by spring and winter,and the lowest in summer.The main allergens were house dust mites,house dust and cat dander.The positive rates of allergens in different types of allergic diseases were as follows:allergic rhinitis>allergic asthma>eczema>others>allergic purpura>urticaria.There were significant differences in all allergens except cod,crab,mango and peanut among different diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion The characteristics of patients with allergic disease in Chengdu area are as follows:inhaled allergens are the main allergens;males have a higher allerger positive rate;the majority of patients were 10-<18 years old;patients are prone to disease in autumn;allergic rhinitis was the most common.This can provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in this area.
作者
宋萧怡
王甲甲
SONG Xiaoyi;WANG Jiajia(Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences·Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610072,China;School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,Sichuan 611731,China)
出处
《国际检验医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第24期2945-2949,共5页
International Journal of Laboratory Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(82102470)。
