摘要
总结了不同吸附剂(活性炭,树脂,矿物材料,分子印迹聚合物,生物基材料等)对PFAS吸附性能,机理,影响因素,优势及潜在问题.孔径与PFAS分子尺寸相近,表面带相反电荷的吸附剂对PFAS具有更高的吸附性能.低pH值和高温度的水质条件对PFAS吸附更有利,共存有机物会与PFAS发生竞争吸附.吸附剂对PFAS的吸附性能与其链长呈正相关,在相同链长的情况下,吸附剂对磺酸类PFAS的吸附容量普遍高于羧酸类PFAS.主要的吸附机理包括静电吸引,疏水相互作用,离子交换,配体交换等.吸附剂的合理再生和处置是实际工程应用中重要挑战,如化学再生法和生物再生法再生效果差,热再生法能耗高,溶剂再生,填埋处置易造成二次污染等.通过对水中PFAS吸附去除材料及技术的研究进展进行综述,系统阐述了不同技术的优劣势,并展望了吸附去除技术的发展方向,可为水中PFAS污染控制提供参考.
In this paper,the adsorption properties,mechanisms,influencing factors,advantages and potential problems of different adsorbents(activated carbon,resin,mineral materials,molecularly imprinted polymers,bio-based materials,etc.)for PFAS removal were summarized.Adsorbents with similar pore size to PFAS molecules,and with opposite surface charge had higher adsorption capacity to PFAS.Lower pH and higher temperature are more favorable for PFAS adsorption,and coexisting organic matter will compete with PFAS on adsorption.The adsorption performance of the adsorbent to PFAS was positively correlated with its chain length,and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent to PFAS containing sulfonic group was higher than that of PFAS with carboxylic group at the same chain length.The main adsorption mechanisms include electrostatic attraction,hydrophobic interaction,ion exchange,ligand exchange,etc.The reasonable regeneration and disposal of adsorbents was a common problem in practical engineering applications,such as poor regeneration effect of chemical regeneration and biological regeneration,high energy consumption of thermal regeneration,easy to cause secondary pollution by solvent regeneration or landfill treatment.By reviewing the research progress of adsorption removal materials and technologies for PFAS from water,the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies are systematically expounded,and the research direction of adsorption removal technology is prospected,which could provide reference for PFAS pollution control in water.
作者
王菟
包一翔
钟金魁
李井峰
曹志国
吴敏
WANG Tu;BAO Yi-xiang;ZHONG Jin-kui;LI Jing-feng;CAO Zhi-guo;WU Min(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy,Beijing 102209,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期6413-6434,共22页
China Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52100070)
国家能源集团科技创新项目(SZY93002219N)。
关键词
PFAS
吸附
机理
工程应用
再生
新污染物
PFAS
adsorption
mechanism
engineering applications
regeneration
emerging pollutants
