摘要
为了探究新疆准噶尔泌乳双峰驼体重与体尺性状相关性及乳房生长发育特征,试验首先对新疆阿勒泰地区247峰4~15岁准噶尔泌乳双峰驼的体重、体尺性状指标(体长、体高、胸围、管围)、乳头性状指标(乳头长度、乳头直径)进行测定,然后采用R语言软件进行体重与各体尺性状指标的相关性分析,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行各体尺性状指标对体重的通径分析,通过逐步回归分析建立体重预测回归方程,最后从阿勒泰地区吉木乃县牧区4~15岁的新疆准噶尔泌乳双峰驼中每个年龄阶段各随机挑选出2峰骆驼对所建立的体重预测回归方程进行验证。结果表明:新疆准噶尔泌乳双峰驼的平均体重为522.30 kg,平均体高为169.07 cm,平均体长为148.80 cm,平均胸围为218.69 cm,平均管围为19.18 cm;体高的变异系数最小,其次是体长和胸围,体重的变异系数最大。右前、右后、左前、左后乳头长度平均值分别为3.15,2.96,3.03,3.02 cm,乳头长度极差为2.08 cm;右前、右后、左前、左后乳头直径平均值分别为2.91,2.88,2.91,2.88 cm,乳头直径极差为1.78 cm。体重和各体尺性状指标数据均呈正态分布。体重与体高、体长、胸围、管围均呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),其中与胸围的相关性最高(0.74),然后依次为体长(0.61)、体高(0.58)和管围(0.56)。胸围对体重的直接作用最大(0.498),然后依次为体长(0.406)和体高(0.369),管围对体重的直接作用最小(0.358);体高对体重的间接作用最大(0.271),然后依次为胸围(0.268)和体长(0.263),管围对体重的间接作用最小(0.254);其中胸围与体重的相关系数最大(0.640)。通过逐步回归分析建立的体重预测回归方程为Y=-1085.980+2.450X1+3.075X2+2.822X3+6.923X4(Y、X1、X2、X3、X4分别为体重、体高、体长、胸围和管围)。实测体重值与该模型的预测体重值之间的均方根误差为0.51,拟合曲线拟合良好;Pearson相关系数为0.882,为极显著相关(P<0.01);在显著水平α=0.05的置信区间内差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明新疆准噶尔泌乳双峰驼群体生长发育过程中的体重变化幅度较大,体尺的变化幅度较小;不同个体的乳头长度和乳头直径差异较大,且前乳头长度普遍长于后乳头;各体尺性状指标中,胸围对体重的影响较大;建立的体重预测回归方程可以较为准确地预测准噶尔泌乳双峰驼的体重。
To investigate the correlation of body weight,body size and the characteristics of breast growth and development of lactating Bactrian camels in Junggar,Xinjiang,the weight,body size trait indexes(body length,body height,chest circumference,tube circumference)and papillary traits indexes(nipple length,nipple diameter)of 247 peak 4-15 year old Junggar lactating Bactrian camels from Altay Region of Xinjiang were measured.Then R language software was used to analyze the correlation between body weight and each body size trait index,and SPSS 26.O software was used to analyze the path of each body size trait index to body weight.The regression equation of weight prediction was established by stepwise regression analysis.Finally,the regression equation for weight prediction was verified by randomly selecting 2 humping camels in each age group from 50 humping Bactrian camels aged 4 to 15 years in the grazing area of Jimunai County,Altai Prefecture.The results showed that the average body weight,average body height,average body length,average chest circumference,average chest circumference and average tube circumference were 522.30 kg,169.07 cm,148.80 cm,218.69 cm and 19.18 cm respectively.The coefficient of variation of body height is the smallest,followed by body length and chest circumference,and the coefficient of variation of body weight is thelargest.The averagelength oftheright anterior,right posterior,left anterior and left posterior nipple was3.15,2.96,3.03,3.2 cm,respectirely.The range of nipple length was 2.08 cm.The average diameter of the right anterior,right posterior,left anterior,left posterior nipple was2.91,2.88,2.91,2.88 cm,respectirely,and thediameter range of the nipple was1.78 cm.The data of body weight and body size traits were normally distributed.Body weight was positively correlated with body height,body length,chest circumference and tube circumference(P<0.001),among which the correlation with chest circumference was the highest(0.74),followed by body length(0.61),body height(0.58)and tube circumference(0.56).Chest circumference had the greatest direct effect on body weight(0.498),followed by body length(0.406)and body height(0.369)in that order,and tube circumference had the least direct effect on body weight(0.358).The indirect effect of body height on body weight was the largest(0.271),then chest circumference(0.268)and body length(0.263)in that order,and tube circumference had the smallest indirect effect on body weight(0.254).The correlation coefficient between chest circumference and body weight was the largest(0.640).The regression equation for predicted body weight was constructed by stepwise regression analysis as Y=-1.085.980+2.450X,+3.075X2+2.822X,+6.923X4(YXX2X3、X4 standed for weight,body height,body length,chest circumference and tube circumference,respectively),and the root-mean-square error between the measured body weight values and the predicted body weight values of the model was 0.51,with a well-ftting curve;the Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.882,which was a highly significant correlation(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the confidence interval of significant levelα=0.05(P>0.05).The results indicated that the body weight changed greatly and the body size changed slightly during the growth and development of lactating Bactrian camel population in Junggar,Xinjiang.The nipple length and diameter of dfferent individuals varied greatly,and the length of anterior nipple was generally longer than that of posterior nipple.Among all body size traits,chest circumference had the greatest influence on body weight.The weight prediction regression equation established could accurately predict the body weight of lactating bactrian camels in Juggar.
作者
郝泽林
姚怀兵
闫慧
马强
马万鹏
苏战强
王玉琢
汪亮
陈钢粮
岳海涛
杨洁
HAO Zelin;YAO Huaibing;YAN Hui;MA Qiang;MA Wanpeng;SU Zhanqiang;WANG Yuzhuo;WANG Liang;CHEN Gangliang;YUE Haitao;YANG Jie(College of Life Science and Technology/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genes,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017;College of Animal Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052;Heilongjiang Provincial General Animal Husbandry Station,Harbin 150069,China;Xinjiang Wangyuan Biological Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Altay 836500)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
北大核心
2023年第24期113-120,共8页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2018B01003-1)
新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJ2019G026)。
关键词
双峰驼
体重
体尺
乳房性状
体重预测回归方程
Bactrian camels
body weight
body size
udder traits
body weight prediction model
