摘要
气候变化影响的紧迫性和严峻性正在加速显现。与此同时,全球地缘政治局势持续紧张,叠加经济下行、能源危机、发展中国家债务危机、大国竞争加剧等挑战,使全球气候治理面临多重困境,《联合国气候变化框架公约》下多边气候治理主渠道进入低潮期。随着碳中和在全球形成广泛的政治共识,各国围绕绿色科技和产业、发展中国家能源转型和基础设施建设等领域展开新一轮的竞争与合作。大国博弈从多年来在《联合国气候变化框架公约》主渠道下争夺碳排放空间和发展权,转向争夺经济、科技、贸易等领域中的气候规则、绿色标准制定以及绿色产业链的主导权。温室气体减排范围进一步扩大到国际航空与航运业,非国家行为体在气候治理中的角色越来越重要。未来中国应继续坚持《联合国气候变化框架公约》下的全球气候治理多边进程,积极参与并主动引领绿色规则制定,坚持“共同但有区别的责任”原则,主动承担与国情、发展阶段和能力相符的国际义务,与各方携手共同推进全球气候治理,构建人类命运共同体。
The impact of climate change is becoming increasingly urgent and severe.Meanwhile,global geopolitical situation remains tense,fueled by challenges such as economic downturn,energy crisis,debt crisis in developing countries,and intensifying competition among major powers.Against this backdrop,global climate governance faces multiple difficulties,and the leading channel for multilateral climate governance under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)has seen setbacks.With carbon neutrality forming a broad political consensus around the world,different countries have launched a new round of competition and cooperation on green technology and industry,energy transformation and infrastructure construction in developing countries.Major country competition has shifted from competition on carbon emission space and development rights under the UNFCCC over the years to competition for climate-related rules,green standards,and the dominant position in the green industry chain.The scope of greenhouse gas emissions reduction has been further expanded to the international aviation and shipping industry,and non-state actors are playing an increasingly important role in climate governance.In the future,China should continue to adhere to the multilateral process of global climate governance under the UNFCCC,actively participate in and lead the formulation of green rules,advocate the principle of“Common but Differentiated Responsibilities”,proactively assume international obligations commensurate with its national conditions,development stages,and capacities,and work with all parties to promote global climate governance in an effort to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
作者
胡彬
董文娟
HU Bin;DONG Wenjuan
出处
《国际问题研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期85-97,125,126,共15页
International Studies
