摘要
研究优秀铅球运动员最后用力技术及“延缓”动作特征,对丰富推铅球用力技术理论、提升我国铅球训练水平具有重要的意义。采用运动生物力学测试、运动学解析、数理统计等研究方法,对我国5名优秀女子铅球运动员最后用力技术进行研究发现:最后用力中是否存在明显的“延缓”动作特征,是衡量用力技术优劣的敏感性指标,可作为评价运动员用力效果的重要指标。我国优秀女子铅球运动员普遍存在过渡阶段时间短、“延缓”阶段左肩领先加速、右肩和右肘提前转动加速的现象,加速时机存在一定不合理性。巩立姣过渡阶段存在身体重心位移偏长、延缓阶段右肘提前加速和右髋加速不明显的现象;“延缓”用力阶段右肩延迟效果较好,“延缓”动作明显,“满弓”效果较好,为鞭打用力创造了良好的条件。
The kinematic study on final force and“delay”movement characteristics of elite shot putters has great significance to enrich the theory of push force technique,improve the level of Chinese shot put training.This study investigated the final force technique of 5 elite female shot putters in China by using the sports biomechanics test,kinematics analysis and mathematical statistics.It was found that,the“delay”characteristic in the final force was a sensitive index to measure the quality of the force technique,and can be used to evaluate the force effect of athletes.The characteristics of short transition time,left shoulder leading acceleration,right shoulder and right elbow turning acceleration in the“delay”stage were common in Chinese female shot putters.In the transitional stage of Gong Lijiao,the body’s center of gravity displacement was too long,the right elbow accelerate in advance and the right hip accelerate was inconspicuous in the“delay”stage.The delay effect of right shoulder in the“delay”force stage was better,the“delay”movement was obvious,and the“full bow”effect was greater,the abovementioned factors created a good condition for whipping force.
作者
巩立姣
董海军
丁晨光
张建
郝勇霞
丛玉珍
GONG Lijiao;DONG Haijun;DING Chenguang;ZHANG Jian;HAO Yongxia;CONG Yuzhen(Hebei Province Sports Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Hebei Institute of Physical Education,Hebei 050041,China;Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Hebei 050200,China;China Athletics Association,Beijing 100763,China)
出处
《体育科学》
北大核心
2023年第9期71-78,共8页
China Sport Science
基金
国家体育总局科技创新研究项目(2022KJCX065)
国家体育总局备战东京奥运会攻关课题(2021TJ01005)
国家体育总局备战2024年奥运会攻关课题(TJBZ-FW-20230303)。
关键词
铅球
最后用力
延缓动作
运动员
训练
shot put
final force
delay movement
athlete
training
