摘要
【目的】明确夏玉米磷肥正位穴施的产量效应及磷肥利用效率,为夏玉米科学施磷提供依据。【方法】于2020—2021年在河南省原阳县和鹤壁市开展田间试验,供试夏玉米品种为‘浚单1618’,研究了不施磷肥、开沟条施、株间穴施和正位穴施对夏玉米产量、养分吸收利用及磷肥利用效率的影响。【结果】夏玉米不同施磷位置增产8.64%~26.18%。原阳和鹤壁两地均以正位穴施产量最高,平均产量分别为8506和10583 kg·hm^(-2),平均增产21.30%和18.00%;与开沟条施相比,正位穴施夏玉米产量分别平均提高9.27%和7.26%,成熟期地上部生物量平均提高18.08%和8.25%,地上部磷素积累量平均增加9.43%和9.11%;正位穴施磷肥利用率平均为27.20%和26.64%,农学效率平均为24.90和26.90 kg·kg^(-1),较开沟条施分别增加5.78、5.68个百分点和12.03、11.94 kg·kg^(-1)。【结论】正位穴施磷肥能够提高夏玉米植株地上部生物量和籽粒产量,在夏玉米增产、促进植株磷素吸收、提高磷肥利用效率方面优于株间穴施,可作为夏玉米高产高效施磷技术应用。
【Objective】To clarify the yield effect and phosphorus(P)utilization efficiency characteris-tics of summer maize based on the positive point hole P fertilizer application methodology,and thus to provide a theoretical basis for scientific P application for summer maize.【Method】Field experiments were conducted in Yuanyang County and Hebi City,Henan Province in 2020 and 2021 growing sea-sons.The tested summer maize variety is‘Xundan 1618’.The effects of without P fertilizer application(CK),ditching strip P fertilizer application(TS),hole P fertilizer application between plants(ZJ),and positive point hole P fertilizer application(ZW)on the grain yield,nutrient absorption and utiliza-tion and phosphorus fertilizer use efficiency were analyzed and studied.【Result】The yield of summer maize increased by 8.64%-26.18%for different P application positions treatments.The optimal treat-ment was ZW for both the Yuanyang and Hebi sites,with the average yield of 8506 kg·hm^(-2) and 10583 kg·hm^(-2),and an average increase rate of 21.30%and 18.00%,respectively.Compared with the TS treatment,the average increase rates for the yield,aboveground biomass and the aboveground P ac-cumulation at mature stage were 9.27%,18.08%and 9.43%,respectively,at Yuanyang county based on the ZW treatment.And the Hebi city was 7.26%,8.25%and 9.11%,respectively.Moreover,the average utilization rate of P fertilizer in ZW treatment was 27.20%and 26.64%,respectively,and the average agronomic efficiency was 24.90 and 26.90 kg·kg^(-1),respectively.Compared with the TS treatment,the ZW treatment increased the utilization rate of P fertilizer by 5.78 and 5.68 percentage points and increased the agronomic efficiency by 12.03 and 11.94 kg·kg^(-1).【Conclusion】The hole P fertilizer application methodology can improve the above-ground biomass and grain yield of summer maize.Considering the yield,and absorption and utilization efficiency of P characteristics,ZW was the recommended P treatments for summer maize based on this experiment,which can be used as a high-yield and efficient P application technology for summer maize.
作者
任丽
韩本高
李岚涛
苗玉红
王宜伦
REN Li;HAN Bengao;LI Lantao;MIAO Yuhong;WANG Yilun(College of Resource and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《河南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第6期1018-1025,共8页
Journal of Henan Agricultural University
基金
国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901001-08)。
关键词
夏玉米
产量
磷肥
正位穴施
养分积累
summer maize
yield
phosphate fertilizer
positive point hole application
nutrient accu-mulation
