摘要
【目的】阐明尿素和麦麸对糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)生长发育和子实体营养组成的影响及机制,为糙皮侧耳氮源选择和培养料配方优化提供依据。【方法】以棉籽壳为主料,尿素和麦麸为氮源,设计16种培养料配方,对比研究培养料氮源形态、氮质量分数和碳氮比值对糙皮侧耳菌丝生长、子实体生物学效率和营养成分的影响,并从培养料NH+4含量和基质降解酶活分析其影响机制。【结果】随着培养料氮源添加量的增加,糙皮侧耳菌丝生长速率逐渐降低,子实体生物学效率先升高后降低。糙皮侧耳以尿素或麦麸为氮源时,培养料的最适氮质量分数和碳氮比值均不同;添加5 g·kg^(-1)尿素时,子实体生物学效率最高为118.1%,对应培养料氮质量分数和碳氮比值分别为1.52%和25.0∶1;添加300 g·kg^(-1)麦麸时,子实体生物学效率最高为122.9%,对应培养料氮质量分数和碳氮比值分别为1.86%和20.8∶1。2种氮源栽培的糙皮侧耳子实体营养成分存在显著差异,添加300 g·kg^(-1)麦麸时子实体总氨基酸和粗蛋白质量分数比添加5 g·kg^(-1)尿素时分别高25.6%和29.4%。添加5g·kg^(-1)尿素或300 g·kg^(-1)麦麸均可提高糙皮侧耳菌丝木质纤维素降解酶活力,但糙皮侧耳对尿素和麦麸2种氮源的利用方式不同。【结论】从子实体生物学效率和营养成分来看,麦麸更适宜作为棉籽壳熟料栽培糙皮侧耳的氮源。
【Objective】This research aims to reveal the influence and its mechanism of urea and wheat bran as nitrogen source of culture substrates on the growth and development,and fruiting body nutrient composition of Pleurotus ostreatus.The results will provide basis for the selection of nitrogen source and the optimization of culture substrate formula of P.ostreatus.【Method】In this research,the 16 culture substrate formulas were designed using the cottonseed hull as main material,and urea and wheat bran using as nitrogen source to investigate the effects of nitrogen sources form,nitrogen content and car-bon/nitrogen(C/N)ratio on mycelial growth,fruiting bodybiological efficiency and nutrient composi-tion of P.ostreatus.The possible influencing mechanisms were also analyzed from the NH+4 content and substrate degrading enzyme activitiesinculture substrates.【Result】With the increase of nitrogen content in culture substrates,the mycelial growth rate gradually decreased,and the biological efficiency of fruiting body first increased and then decreased.The optimum nitrogen content and C/N ratio of P.os-treatus were significantly different between these two kinds of nitrogen sources.The biological efficien-cy reached the highest(118.1%)with 5 g·kg^(-1) urea addition,and the corresponding nitrogen mass-concentration and C/N ratio were 1.52%and 25.0∶1,respectively.While the highest biological effi-ciency reached 122.9%with 300 g·kg^(-1) wheat bran addition,and the corresponding nitrogen mass concentration and C/N ratio were 1.86%and 20.8∶1,respectively.There were also differences in the nutrient components of the fruiting bodies of P.ostreatus cultivated with these two kinds of nitrogen sources.The total amino acid and crude protein of the first tide fruiting body of 300 g·kg^(-1) wheat bran treatment was 25.6%and 29.4%higher than that of 5 g·kg^(-1) urea treatment,respectively.Com-pared with control,the addition of 5 g·kg^(-1) urea or 300 g·kg^(-1) wheat bran all could increase the ac-tivity of lignocellulose degrading enzymes in culture substrate.However,P.ostreatus utilized urea and wheat bran in different ways.【Conclusion】According to the biological efficiency and nutrient composi-tion of the fruiting bodies,the appropriate nitrogen source for the sterilized substrate culture of P.os-treatus is wheat bran.
作者
张鹏涛
竹玮
胡延如
戚元成
申进文
文晴
王风芹
ZHANG Pengtao;ZHU Wei;HU Yanru;QI Yuancheng;SHEN Jinwen;WEN Qing;WANG Fengqin(College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Xinyang,Xinyang 464000,China)
出处
《河南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第6期1044-1052,共9页
Journal of Henan Agricultural University
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项项目(CARS-20)
河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022030101)
河南省重大公益专项项目(201300110700)。
关键词
糙皮侧耳
尿素
麦麸
碳氮比值
生物学效率
Pleurotus ostreatus
urea
wheat bran
carbon/nitrogen ratio
biological efficiency
