摘要
传统清耕果园土壤肥力下降的问题严重威胁着苹果产业的可持续发展,通过研究陇东半干旱区果园间作绿肥种植模式下土壤养分及土壤微量元素的变化,为陇东半干旱区果园科学间作套种、提高果园土壤肥力提供指导。以静宁县苹果园为研究对象,选取7种果园不同绿肥间作种植模式,研究了间作绿肥对果园土壤肥力的影响。结果表明,果园间作绿肥时,土壤肥力总体表现为有机质、氮素水平偏低,土壤速效氮和速效磷含量相对丰富。3年生果园间作绿肥后土壤养分均显著高于6年生果园。不同果园间作绿肥模式下,土壤有效锌、有效锰、有效铁的差异均呈极显著水平,3年生果园间作绿肥模式的土壤有效锌含量均普遍高于6年生果园。不同果园间作绿肥模式下土壤有效锰和有效铁含量均处于中等偏上水平,且随果园年限的增加而增加;不同果园间作绿肥模式下土壤有效铜含量处于中等水平,受果园年限的增长差异不大。综上所述,陇东半干旱区3年生果园以间作2年毛叶苕子+1年扁豆为最优模式,该模式既经济又环保,可在当地生产中推广应用。
The issue of soil fertility decline in traditional clean tillage orchards seriously threatens the sustainable development of the apple production.In order to reveal the changes of soil nutrients and soil trace elements in orchards with green manure in tercropping in the semi-arid area of Longdong so as to provide references for scientific intercropping and soil fertility improvement in orchards,the apple orchards in Jingning County was taken as the research object,and seven intercropping planting modes of green manure were selected to study effects of green manure intercropping on soil fertility in orchards.The results showed that the soil fertility of orchard intercropping green manure was generally characterized by low levels of soil organic matter and nitrogen content,but the contents of soil available nitrogen and available phosphorus were relatively rich.Among them,the soil nutrient of 3-year-old orchard intercropping green manure was better than that of 6-year-old ones.The differences of soil available zinc,available manganese and available iron among different treatments were extremely significant.The soil available zinc content of 3-year-old orchard intercropping green manure mode was generally higher than that of 6-year-old orchard.The contents of available manganese and available iron in soil were above the middle level and increased with the growth of orchard age.The content of available copper in soil was at the middle level,and there was no significant difference detected along with the growth of orchard age.Among different planting modes,the 2-year hairy vetch plus 1-year lentil planting mode was the optimal planting mode,which is economical and environmentally friendly and can be promoted in local production.
作者
杨蕊菊
张久东
车宗贤
卢秉林
崔恒
YANG Ruiju;ZHANG Jiudong;CHE Zongxian;LU Binglin;CUI Heng(Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-environment and Arable Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality in Liangzhou,Wuwei Gansu 733000,China)
出处
《寒旱农业科学》
2023年第12期1116-1120,共5页
Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22-Z-16)。
关键词
苹果园
绿肥
间作
种植模式
土壤肥力
陇东半干旱区
Apple orchard
Green manure
Intercropping
Planting mode
Soil fertility
Longdong semi-arid region
