摘要
服务机器人创新改变了劳动力的技能优势和就业市场的性别分工,为推动性别平等提供了新契机。文章综合利用城市层次的服务机器人专利申请数据和CHIP微观调查数据,运用Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法测算了城市层次的工资性别歧视程度及其变动趋势,并在个体层次考察了性别工资差异的影响机制。研究发现:(1)服务机器人创新显著降低了城市服务业的工资性别歧视程度,相较于男性而言,女性的平均年工资水平显著提高;(2)服务机器人创新对女性工资的提升作用在较高学历人群中更加明显,在不同年龄、不同工作经验的人群中相应作用的异质性较小;(3)服务业的技能溢价是服务机器人创新降低工资性别歧视的主要机制,城市服务业发展与服务机器人创新相辅相成,在其中起着正向调节作用。文章研究结论表明,在数字经济时代,以服务机器人为代表的技术创新不仅有助于促进经济发展,而且对解决劳动力市场上长期存在的性别不平等问题具有积极作用,这从一个侧面体现了服务机器人创新的社会效应。
The innovation of service robots has changed the skill advantage of labor force and the gender division of labor in the job market,which provides an opportunity to promote gender equality.Employing the city-level data of service robots patent application and survey data from the CHIP program,this paper uses the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method to estimate the gender wage discrimination index at city level,and explores the determinants of individual-level gendered wage differences.The results show that:(I)Service robot innovation significantly reduces the degree of gender wage discrimination in service industry;(2)Service robot innovation has a more significant improving effect on the wage of highly educated women,while the effect does not differ by age and work experience;(3)The increase of non-conventional skill premium is the main mechanism underlying the wage-equalization effect of service robot innovation.The development of regional service industry also plays a positive moderating role.In order to promote gender equity in China's labor market,it is vital to strengthen the positive social impact of technological innovation as represented by service robots in the era of digital economy.
作者
高子茗
吕洋
王亚丽
Gao Ziming;Lyu Yang;Wang Yali
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期64-79,共16页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“新发展格局下金融结构优化与高质量技术创新”(编号:21&ZD112)
国家社会科学基金重大项目“雄安新区创新生态系统构建机制与路径研究”(编号:18ZDA044)的阶段性成果。
