摘要
大规模碳排放造成生态恶化,如何解决该问题是目前的研究热点。利用可再生能源产生的电能能够将CO_(2)电催化还原(eCO_(2)R)为碳氢燃料或具有附加值的化学原料,该策略可同时缓解环境和能源问题,具有广阔的应用前景。成本低廉的过渡金属Cu对氢和氧的亲和力差,但具有独特的电子结构,能将CO_(2)还原为多种具有经济价值的碳产物,成为eCO_(2)R的一种主要材料。然而,催化剂的尺寸、晶面、形貌结构和成分等显著影响eCO_(2)R的活性和选择性。经过不断的改性研究,金属Cu衍生出的各种Cu催化剂由于活性和选择性的不同,使得不同催化剂之间的产物以及反应路径也有着很大的差别。本文基于这些因素对设计Cu基催化剂eCO_(2)R进行总结研究。此外,系统总结Cu基催化剂eCO_(2)R的多种催化产物,并阐明eCO_(2)R形成不同碳产物的可能路径与机理。最后,基于目前的研究重点与不足对eCO_(2)R提出展望,以期为“双碳”目标的实现提供参考。
Ecological deterioration and energy reform have been caused by long-term carbon emissions.How to solve this problem is a hot research topic at present.Electricity generated from renewable energy sources can be electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction(eCO_(2)R)into hydrocarbon fuel or value-added chemical raw materials,meanwhile,alleviating environmental and energy problems,thus showing broad application prospects.The low-cost transition metal Cu featuring a unique electronic structure has a poor affinity for hydrogen and oxygen,which can reduce CO_(2) to a wide range of economically valuable carbon products,making it a prime material for eCO_(2)R.However,the size,crystal face,structure,and composition of the catalysts significantly affect the activity and selectivity of eCO_(2)R.At present,after continuous research on modification,various Cu-based catalysts derived from metal Cu make the products as well as the reaction paths differ greatly from one catalyst to another due to the differences in activity and selectivity.This review systematically de‐scribed the design of the Cu-based catalyst for eCO_(2)R based on these factors.In addition,various catalytic products of Cu-based cata‐lyst eCO_(2)R were systematically summarized.The possible paths and mechanisms of eCO_(2)R forming different carbon products were elu‐cidated.Finally,based on the current research focus and shortcomings,the outlook of eCO_(2)R was proposed and provided a reference for the realization of the carbon peak and neutrality goals.
作者
李好
常少华
张萌萌
LI Hao;CHANG Shaohua;ZHANG Mengmeng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《铜业工程》
CAS
2023年第6期38-50,共13页
Copper Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52102291)资助。
