摘要
湿地是地球表层重要的生态系统,其在水质净化、维持生物多样性、气候调节等方面发挥着不可替代的作用,研究湿地演变及其生态环境效应具有重要意义。基于2015年和2022年的Sentinel-2A影像,对山东省滨海湿地进行分类,分析湿地景观格局的动态变化特征,并利用Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台构建遥感生态指数,评估湿地对周边区域生境质量的“辐射”特征。研究结果表明,与2015年相比,2022年山东省滨海湿地面积略有减少(净减少117.75 km^(2)),各类型湿地中盐田面积减少最为突出,其次是淤泥海滩和河口三角洲;沿海7个地市中,潍坊市、东营市和滨州市湿地面积的减少较为显著;滨海湿地景观破碎化加剧、聚合度降低且形状趋于复杂,优势景观类型对景观整体的控制作用逐渐增强;湿地对周边区域生境质量的“辐射”效应显著,离湿地越近,生境质量越高,在距离湿地0~500 m范围内,遥感生态指数随距离增长而显著衰减,在0~200 m范围内“辐射”效应最为显著。研究结果可以为山东省滨海湿地资源保护与管理提供科学数据和决策支持。
Wetlands are vital ecosystems on the Earth’s surface,serving an irreplaceable role in water purification,biodiversity maintenance and climate regulation.Investigating wetland evolution and its ecological impacts hold significant importance.Based on the Sentinel-2A images from 2015 and 2022,this study classified coastal wetlands in Shandong province and analyzed the dynamic changes of wetland landscape patterns.Furthermore,the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)was constructed using the GEE platform to assess the“radiation”effects of wetlands on surrounding areas.The results indicate that from 2015 to 2022,the area of coastal wetlands in Shandong province experienced a slight decrease,with a net reduction of 117.75 km^(2).Among various types of wetlands,salt pans exhibited the most significant decrease,followed by silt beaches and estuary deltas.Additionally,Weifang,Dongying,and Binzhou witnessed the most notable reduction in coastal wetland area.This period also saw an intensified fragmentation of coastal wetland landscapes,with reduced aggregation and increasingly complex shapes.The dominant landscape type exerted a progressively greater influence over the overall landscape.Moreover,the“radiation”effects of wetlands on the ecological environment quality of the surrounding area were pronounced.The closer the proximity to the wetland,the higher the quality of the ecological environment.Within the range of 0-500 m from the wetland,the RSEI decayed significantly with the increase of distance,with the most pronounced“radiation”effects observed within the 0-200 m range.The results can provide valuable scientific data and decision support for the protection and management of coastal wetland resources in Shandong province.
作者
郭玉
孙天旭
董丽洁
郑燕凤
陈雪
张勇
侯西勇
GUO Yu;SUN Tianxu;DONG Lijie;ZHENG Yanfeng;CHEN Xue;ZHANG Yong;HOU Xiyong(Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,Shandong,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,Shandong,P.R.China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes,Yantai 264003,Shandong,P.R.China;Shandong Institute of Territorial and Spatial Planning,Jinan 250014,Shandong,P.R.China;Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期850-859,共10页
Wetland Science
基金
自然资源资产代理试点项目(SDGP370000000202202002381)
国家自然科学基金项目(42176221)资助。
关键词
湿地
景观格局
生境质量
山东省
Sentinel-2A
wetlands
landscape pattern
ecological environmental quality
Shandong province
Sentinel-2A
