摘要
自1992年国家教委确定9省市为初中毕业生升学考试体育试点地区算起,体育中考已进入第31个年头,回顾中考体育的缘起、历程、争论、推进策略及成功经验,对今后中考体育的改革与发展,对思考展望体育高考都具有重要意义。体育中考的发展历程可划分为肇始试行、全面平稳发展、成熟常态发展及二次快速发展4个阶段。时至今日,关于体育中考的争论仍时有发生,他们是“体育进入升学考试”的根本性问题,也是展望体育高考时无法回避的问题,是体育考试的必要性、科学性、公平性、负担性、教育性和发展性等方面的问题。体育中考获得了成功,其成功经验主要有:依托法规并理论先行、稳妥试行并循序渐进、低区分度并高得分率、素质为主并重视技能、公平公开并严格考务等。但体育中考也有许多待改进之处,如运动技能考试与掌握技能实际情况脱节、平时成绩缺乏考试功能导致无意义送分、成绩区分度过小导致考试逐渐失去力度、考务工作量巨大需深度利用AI技术解决等。关于未来体育进高考的可能性,文章认为由于体育中考的成功升高了高中体育学业考试和体育高考的呼声,但在近期实施类似体育中考的体育高考难度很大,而“高中学业水平体育考试”改革则可能是体育高考的最佳路径。
Since the establishment of the pilot areas for physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination in nine provinces and municipal cities in 1992,physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination has entered its 31st year.It is of great significance for the future reform and development of,and for contemplating the prospect of physical education test in national college entrance examination to reflect on the origin,development,controversies,promotion strategies,and successful experience of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination.The development of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination can be divided into four stages:initial trial,comprehensive and stable development,mature and regular development,and new rapid development.As of today,debates over physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination continue to arise.Fundamental issues include whether physical education should be included in national college entrance examination and are inevitable when considering the prospect of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination.These issues encompass the necessity,scientific basis,fairness,burden,educational value,and development of physical education test.The success of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination is attributed to several key factors:reliance on regulations and theoretical foundation,cautious and progressive implementation,low differentiation and high scoring rate,emphasis on overall quality and practical skills,fairness,transparency,and strict examination management.However,physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination still has some shortcomings to overcome:such as discrepancy between sports skill test and actual skill proficiency,lack of examination function in routine assessments leading to score inflation,low differentiation in scoring leading to a loss of examination intensity,and enormous workload in examination administration which could be addressed by utilizing AI technology.Regarding the possibility of including physical education in national college entrance examination in the future,the paper suggests that even though the success of physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination has raised the call for including physical education in senior secondary school academic level examination and national college entrance examination,implementing a similar physical education test in national college entrance examination in the near future remains a big challenge.Instead,reforming the existing"senior secondary school academic level physical education examination"might be the optimal path for the development of physical education test in national college entrance examination.
作者
毛振明
李忠诚
向静文
MAO Zhenming;LI Zhongcheng;XIANG Jingwen(School of Physical Education,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001;Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100036;Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Institute of Ethnic Traditional Sports,Beijing 100191)
出处
《成都体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期1-11,共11页
Journal of Chengdu Sport University
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“基于精准测量、精准分析、精准干预工作大幅提升中国学生体质的实验研究”(19ATY009)。
关键词
初中生毕业升学考试体育
体育中考
高中学业水平考试
体育高考
physical education test for junior high school graduates
physical education test in senior secondary school entrance examination
senior secondary school academic level examination
physical education test in national college entrance examination
