摘要
为研究抗蛇行减振器在低温环境的动态特性及其对车辆动力学性能的影响,对某速度140 km/h地铁车辆的抗蛇行减振器进行了低温环境(-40~20℃)下的带橡胶节点动态特性试验,综合考虑了串联系统的动态响应。试验结果表明:在20~-35℃时,抗蛇行减振器的阻尼力随着温度的降低明显增加,减振器的动态刚度和动态阻尼系数也随之不断增大;在-40℃时产生空行程,在小幅值时阻尼力骤降,出现“无力”现象,动态刚度和动态阻尼急剧下降,说明减振器已处于异常状态,减振耗能的能力大幅降低。在此基础上建立低温环境下的车辆动力学模型,分析抗蛇行减振器低温动态特性对车辆动力学性能的影响。仿真结果表明,随着温度的降低,车辆的蛇行稳定性和横向平稳性变好,曲线通过能力变差。当温度降低至-40℃时,“无力”现象出现,导致车辆的非线性临界速度大幅下降,横向平稳性指标急剧上升,抗蛇行减振器几乎处于失效状态,对车辆的稳定性和横向平稳性造成极大影响,而曲线通过能力变好,安全性指标有所回升。
Aiming at studying the influence of low temperature dynamic characteristics of anti-yaw damper on vehicles dynamics performance,the dynamic characteristics were tested for the anti-yaw dampers with rubber joints at low temperature environment(-40℃-20℃).The dynamic response of a series system is considered comprehensively.The test results show that the damping force of the anti-yaw damper absorber increases obviously with the decrease of temperature between 20 and-35℃,and the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficient of the damper also increase continuously.When the temperature is-40℃and the amplitude is small,the air travel occurs,the damping force decreases greatly,and the phenomenon of“powerless”appears.At this time,the dynamic stiffness and dynamic damping of the damper decrease sharply,which indicates that the damper has been in an abnormal state,and the ability of reducing vibration and energy consumption is greatly reduced.The low-temperature dynamic model of railway vehicles was established and dynamic simulation analysis was carried out on this basis.The simulation results show that with the decrease of temperature,the anti-yaw stability and lateral stability of the vehicle become better,and the curving ability becomes worse.When the temperature drops to-40℃,the phenomenon of“powerless”appears,which leads to the sharp decrease of nonlinear critical speed and the sharp rise of lateral stability index.The anti-yaw damper is almost in the failure state,which has a great impact on the stability and lateral stability of the vehicle,while the curve passing capacity becomes better,and the safety index rises.
作者
陈仕祺
池茂儒
代亮成
CHEN Shiqi;CHI Maoru;DAI Liangcheng(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031 Sichuan,China)
出处
《铁道机车车辆》
北大核心
2023年第6期11-19,共9页
Railway Locomotive & Car
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFB120404)
牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2018TPL_T04)。
关键词
抗蛇行减振器
低温条件
动态特性
“无力”现象
车辆动力学
anti-yaw damper
low-temperature performance
dynamic characteristics
the phenomenon of“powerless”
vehicle dynamic performance
