摘要
在新一轮科技革命与产业革命浪潮下,拔尖创新人才在全球竞争格局中发挥着愈加关键的作用,培养拔尖创新人才自然成为世界各国教育的主要任务。拔尖创新人才培养不仅事关国家重大战略方针的贯彻,还是新时代高质量教育体系建设的题中应有之义,更是实现人才全面自由发展的重要抓手。差异教育作为一种承认差异、尊重差异并发展差异的教育模式,分别为拔尖创新人才培养提供了理念、方法与评价上的支撑,是撬动拔尖创新人才培养的“阿基米德点”。具体而言,以“差异育人”为中心的差异教育理念承认并尊重个体具备的不同优势、天赋与潜质,让教育者明白每个学生都可以在自己的创新领域成为“拔尖”人才;以“因材施教”为核心的差异教育方法,打破传统教学“设定标准”和“定向加工”的方法原则,契合了拔尖创新人才的培养模式,让每个学生都能长善救失,获得最佳发展;以“人尽其才”为主的差异教育评价标准,通过“多把尺子”为更多拔尖创新人才提供发展机会,促使拔尖创新人才源源不断地“冒出来”。为此,在拔尖创新人才培养的实践过程中,教育者有必要有机融入差异教育的理念主张,通过树立“尊重差异”的培养理念、创设“发展差异”的培养模式以及探索“多元包容”的评价体系,为拔尖创新人才培养提供差异教育支持。
In the new wave of technological and industrial revolutions,elite creative talents are playing an increasingly crucial role in the global competitive landscape,and cultivating elite creative talents has naturally become the main task of education in countries around the world.The cultivation of elite creative talents is not only related to the development of major national strategic policies,but also a necessary part of building a high-quality education system,and also an important lever for achieving the comprehensive and free development of talents.Differential education,as an educational model that recognizes,respects,and develops differences,provides conceptual,methodological,and evaluative support for the cultivation of elite creative talents.It is the “Archimedean point” for leveraging the cultivation of elite creative talents.Specifically,the concept of differentiated education centered around “differentiated education” recognizes and respects the different strengths,talents,and potentials of individuals,allowing educators to understand that every student can become a “top notch” talent in their own innovative field;the differentiated education method centered on “individualized teaching” breaks the “setting standards” and “targeted processing” of traditional teaching principles,aligns with the top-notch innovative talent cultivation model,allowing every student to learn from strengths and overcome weaknesses,and achieves the best development;the differential education evaluation standard based on “maximizing talents” provides development opportunities for more elite creative talents through “multiple rulers”,and promotes the continuous “emergence” of top-notch innovative talents.Therefore,in the practical process of cultivating top-notch innovative talents,it is necessary for educators to organically integrate the concept of differential education.By establishing the cultivation concept of “respecting differences”,creating the cultivation mode of “developing differences”,and exploring the evaluation system of “diversity and inclusiveness”,it is necessary to provide differential education support for the cultivation of elite creative talents.
作者
朱德全
王小涛
ZHU Dequan;WANG Xiaotao(Education Department,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chaoyang Middle School,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《重庆高教研究》
北大核心
2024年第1期10-16,共7页
Chongqing Higher Education Research
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代教育评价改革的实现路径研究”(22JZD046)
重庆市教育科学“十四五”规划一般课题“面向拔尖创新人才培养的中学差异教育研究”(K23YG1100048)。
关键词
差异教育
因材施教
人才培养
学生发展
拔尖创新人才
differentiated education
teaching according to students'aptitude
talent cultivation
student development
elite creative talents
