摘要
宜春锂云母矿产资源由于锂资源储量大且集中、开发利用条件好等优势,受到行业高度关注,具有巨大的发展潜力。针对宜春不同类型的锂云母矿进行矿物学特征研究和总结,根据不同的矿床特性和矿物资源特点,将宜春锂云母矿主要总结为钽铌型锂云母矿、锂瓷石型锂云母矿、瓷土型锂云母矿和霏细岩型锂云母矿4大类型。分析了宜春各类型锂云母矿的矿石化学成分、矿物组成、矿物含量、矿物嵌布特征、矿物嵌布粒度等矿物特性,在现有宜春锂云母矿选矿存在的技术问题的基础上,结合各类型锂云母矿矿物学特征,提出了宜春4种类型锂云母矿对应适宜的选矿原则流程,分类研究有利于宜春锂云母高效规范开发利用,为合理确定宜春各类型锂云母矿的选矿工艺提供了参考依据。
Lithium is an important rare metal and a non-renewable national strategic resource,which is widely used in the fields of new energy,metallurgy,chemical industry,electronic and electrical,superconducting aviation,national defense science and technology.Yichun area is highly concerned by the industry because of its large and concentrated reserves of lepidolite mineral resources,good conditions for exploitation and utilization,and has great development potential.However,there are few reports on the mineralogical characteristics and summary of Yichun lepidolite deposit,and the principle and process of lepidolite beneficiation also need to be determined.Based on this,mineralogical characteristics of different types of lepidolite ore in Yichun were studied and summarized in this paper.According to different deposit characteristics and mineral resource characteristics,the lepidolite ore in Yichun was mainly summarized into tantalum-niobium lepidolite,China clay lepidolite,lepidolite and felfelite lepidolite four types.Yichun Tantalum niobium ore (414 ore) in Yuanzhou District was a typical representative of Yichun tantalum niobium lepidolite ore,which as an important Tantalum-niobium mining and processing enterprise and tantalum niobium raw material production base in our country.The main valuable elements in Yichun tantalum niobium mine were lithium,tantalum,niobium and cesium.At present,thegrade of Li_(2)O was 0.4%~0.6%,Ta_(2O)_(5) and Nb_(2O)_(5) grades were 0.02%~0.025%in total,and Rb_(2)O grade was 0.2%~0.3%.Tantalum,niobium and lithium were the main valuable elements recovered from Yichun Tantalum-niobium ore.Tantalum and niobium mainly occurred in Tantalum-niobium iron (manganese) ore,while lithium mainly occurred in lepidolite.The relationship between occurrence formsand distribution characteristics were relatively simple.The lithiumite ore of Yichun type was mainly distributed in Yifeng County,and the lithiumite ore of Xikeng mine in Yifeng County was the main representative.The content of Li_(2)O in the ore was 0.42%,lithium was the main metal element recovered from the ore.The associated valuable elements such as niobium,tantalum and tin were relatively low,so the comprehensive recovery value was small.The lepidolite ore of Yichun lemica typewas mainly composed of quartz,feldspar,lepidolite,calcite and other minerals,and the main recovered target minerals was lepidolite.The lepidolite ore of Yichun lemica type had good recoverability and could obtain high-quality lepidolite concentrate.Yichun porcelain clay type lithium mica ore was mainly distributed in Jianxiawo mining area of Fengxin County and Jieshili mining area of Yifeng County.The content of Li_(2)O in porcelain clay was generally below 0.4%,and the associated niobium,tantalum and tin contents did not reach the industrial grade,which would seriously limit the improvement of the quality of lithium mica concentrate and the comprehensive recovery of associated valuable elements.Yichun porcelain earth-type lithium mica ore was mainly composed of quartz,feldspar,ferrolepidolite and other minerals.Influenced by the composition of the original rock,the degree of metamorphism,element emplacement and other factors,a large amount of iron elements entered into the lithium mica lattice to form iron lemica during the mineralization process.As a result,Yichun porcelain earth-type lithium mica ore not only had low Li_(2)O grade in the primary ore,but also had low Li_(2)O grade.Moreover,it would seriously affect the comprehensive recovery of lithium resources and the improvement of Li_(2)O grade of lemica concentrate.Yichun felsite type lithium mica ore was mainly represented by the feltinite-type lemica ore in Jiulingshan Mountain.The content of Li_(2)O in the ore was 1.41%,and lithium mica was the main target mineral for recovery,which could obtain high-quality lithium mica concentrate theoretically.However,the mineral grain size of Yichun felsite type lepidolite ore was generally very small,with the thickness of lepidolite sheet mostly between0.002 and 0.03 mm,and the width of lepidolite sheet mostly between 0.008 and 0.08 mm.The lepidolite was closely embedded in the grain gaps or cracks of feldspar and quartz.Although the raw ore of Yichun felsite type lepidolite ore had a high grade of Li_(2)O,the separation,enrichment and recovery of lepidolite were very difficult due to the extremely fine particle size of lepidolite,the close inlay with other minerals and the high degree of dispersion.In general,from the perspective of mineral element content and mineral composition,the grade of Li_(2)O in raw lepidolite ore of Yichun was generally low,and the associated rare elements such as tantalum,niobium,tin,rubidium and cesium were often lower than the grade of industrial inclusion.The ore was mainly composed of feldspar,quartz,mica and other minerals,and the main target minerals for recovery were mica,tantalite niobium minerals and feldspar.From the distribution characteristics and distribution granularity of major minerals,mica,feldspar and quartz in the lemica ore in Yicchun were usually closely symbiosis.Mica mostly existed in the form of flake,mass,scale,inclusions.This paper summarized and found out the chemical composition,mineral composition,mineral content,mineral distribution characteristics,mineral distribution size and other mineral characteristics of various types of lithium mica ores in Yichun.Basedonthe analysis of the technical difficulties of beneficiation of Yichun lithium mica ores,combined with the mineralogical characteristics of lepidolite ore in Yichun,the beneficiation principles and processes of four types of lepidolite ore in Yichun were demonstrated and confirmed.The research results could provide theoretical guidance and technical support for realizing efficient and comprehensive development and utilization of Yichun lithium mica resources.
作者
罗仙平
杨志兆
张永兵
胡鑫
杨思琦
周贺鹏
Luo Xianping;Yang Zhizhao;Zhang Yongbing;Hu Xin;Yang Siqi;Zhou Hepeng(Key Laboratory of Efficient Exploitation and Utilization of Rare Metal Resources of Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Mining and Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control,School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Yichun Lithium Electric New Energy Industry Research Institute,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Yichun 336000,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1398-1411,共14页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52274263)
江西省重点研发计划项目(20214BBG74001)资助。
关键词
宜春
锂云母矿
矿物学特征
原则工艺
综合利用
Yichun
lepidolite ore
mineralogical characteristics
principle process
comprehensive utilization
