摘要
分析不同种植密度对沿淮玉米籽粒中淀粉粒度分布与糊化特性的影响。以豫单132、京科968等13个玉米杂交品种为材料,设置56 250株/hm^(2)、67 500株/hm^(2)、77 250株/hm^(2)等3个种植密度,分析不同种植密度对玉米籽粒品质、淀粉粒度分布与糊化特性的影响。结果表明,在种植密度56 250~77250株/hm^(2)范围内,随着种植密度的增加,玉米籽粒的蛋白质和脂肪含量呈递减趋势,淀粉含量呈递增趋势,即淀粉/蛋白质比率增加。玉米籽粒大型淀粉粒体积和表面积百分比显著增加,小型淀粉粒却显著降低。增加种植密度后玉米淀粉的峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度和稀懈值等黏度参数均呈显著升高。相关分析表明,玉米籽粒峰值黏度等黏度参数与小、大型淀粉粒体积百分比呈正相关,与中型淀粉粒体积百分比呈显著或极显著负相关。说明种植密度影响玉米籽粒淀粉粒度分布、淀粉黏度参数和组分含量。
The effects of different planting densities on the particle size distribution and pasting properties of starch granules in maize grains along the Huaihe River were analyzed.Taking 13 maize hybrids such as Yudan 132 and Jingke 968 as materials,three planting densities of 56250 plants/hm^(2),67500 plants/hm^(2) and 77250 plants/hm^(2) were set up.The effects of different planting densities on grain quality,starch particle size distribution and gelatinization characteristics of maize in the region along the Huaihe River were analyzed.The results indicated that the protein and fat content of maize grain decreased with the increase of planting density in the range of 56250~77250 plants/hm^(2).The starch content showed an increasing trend,which means,the starch/protein ratio increased.The volume and surface area percentage of large starch granules in maize grains increased significantly, while the small starch granules decreased significantly. At the same time, it was found that the peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown value of corn starch increased significantly after rising planting density. Relevant analysis showed that the viscosity parameters such as peak viscosity of corn kernels were positively correlated with the volume percentage of small and large starch granules. There was a significant or extremely significant negative correlation with the volume percentage of medium starch granules. It shows that planting density affects the starch particle size distribution starch viscosity parameters and chemical components of corn kernels.
作者
张雅婷
路梦莉
余梦奇
程嘉慧
李文阳
ZHANG Ya-ting;LU Meng-li;YU Meng-qi;CHENG Jia-hui;LI Wen-yang(College of Agronomy,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang,Anhui 233100,China)
出处
《粮油食品科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期66-76,共11页
Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods
基金
安徽高校自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2020ZD010)
安徽省财政农业科技成果转化应用项目(2022ZH015)~~。
关键词
玉米淀粉
种植密度
粒度分布
糊化特性
maize starch
plant density
particle size distribution
pasting properties
