摘要
技能型社会建设要求整体提升大众在技术技能学习、积累与升级等层面的动力水平。借助“人情磁力场”视角,可厘清中国社会中存在的系列文化羁绊,及其对大众技术技能学习、积累与升级等方面的动机与行为的影响机理。首先,在“人情磁力场”内,大众表现出十分强烈的“平均化倾向”。同时,技能类岗位往往意味着相对较低的社会地位。这两点共同削弱了中国个体学习技能的动力。其次,大众往往在“人情磁力场”之内才需要主动“做人”,而在“人情磁力场”之外则无需主动“做人”。历史表明,除动乱与瘟疫等特殊时期外,中国个体的“人情磁力场”范围一般为家族或特殊关系等,鲜有囊括政府这一角色。由此,为社会积累技术技能水平等国家战略便无法得到较好的大众关怀。最后,“人情磁力场”对中国个体“身”与“心”的温情照顾,使其“自我超越”的需要与意识较弱,这是大众技能升级动力水平较低的文化根源之一。因此,破除制约技能型社会建设的系列文化羁绊应从三方面入手:第一,确保技术技能人才应有的社会价值,化解“平均危机”;第二,打造关怀技术技能人才的政府形象,融入“人情圈子”;第三,培育技术与技能学习者的自立素养,降低“人情依赖”。
The construction of a skill-based society requires an overall improvement in the motivation and behavior of the general public in terms of learning,accumulation,and upgrading of technical skills.By utilizing the perspective of the renqing magnet field,this study aims to clarify the series of cultural constraints existing in Chinese society and their impact on the motivation and behavior of the general public in relation to technical skill learning,accumulation,and upgrading.Firstly,within the renqing magnet field,the general public demonstrates a strong tendency towards averageness.At the same time,skill-based occupations often imply relatively low social status.These two factors collectively undermine the motivation for individuals in China to learn technical skills.Secondly,individuals in China often need to actively manage relationships within the renqing magnet field,while they do not need to do so outside of it.History has shown that,except for special periods such as turmoil and epidemics,the renqing magnet field for individuals in China is typically limited to family or specific relationships,with the government playing a limited role.As a result,the national strategy of enhancing technical skill levels fails to receive adequate attention from the general public.Lastly,the care provided by the renqing magnet field to individuals'physical and mental well-being weakens their need and awareness for self-transcendence,which is one of the cultural roots for the relatively low motivation for skill upgrading among the general public.Therefore,the breakthrough of these cultural constraints that hinder the construction of a skill-based society should focus on the following three aspects:first,ensuring the social value of technical skill talents to alleviate the averageness crisis;second,establishing a government image that cares for technical skill talents and integrating into the renqing circle;third,cultivating the self-reliance of technical skill learners to reduce dependence on personal relationships.
作者
陈礼业
李佳敏
徐国庆
Chen Liye;Li Jiamin;Xu Guoqing(East China Normal University)
出处
《职教论坛》
北大核心
2023年第12期33-38,共6页
Journal of Vocational Education
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学重大课题“技能型社会测度模型、驱动因素及路径优化研究”(编号:VJA220006),主持人:徐国庆。
关键词
技能型社会
文化羁绊
人情磁力场
技术技能
skill-based society
cultural constraints
renqing magnet field
technical skills
