摘要
目的分析2016—2021年浙江省8~10岁儿童碘营养状况。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取浙江省90个现场调查点8~10岁的非寄宿制儿童。采用直接滴定法和砷铈催化分光光度法分别检测盐碘含量和尿碘水平,以评价儿童的碘营养状况;采用超声法检测甲状腺容积,分析学龄儿童甲状腺肿的患病现况。结果2016—2021年共纳入114103名儿童,年龄为(9.04±0.81)岁,男生占50.0%(57083名);内陆地区占53.36%(60881名)。儿童家庭食用盐中碘的含量M(Q_(1),Q_(3))为23.00(19.80,25.20)mg/kg,其中非碘盐17242份、不合格碘盐6173份、合格碘盐90688份,碘盐覆盖率为84.89%,合格碘盐覆盖率为79.48%;非碘盐占比从2016年的11.85%增长至2021年的16.04%(χ^(2)_(趋势)=111.427,P<0.001)。儿童尿碘浓度M(Q_(1),Q_(3))为182.50(121.00,261.00)μg/L,其中碘不足、碘适宜、碘超适宜及碘过量的占比分别为17.25%(19686例)、39.21%(44745例)、26.85%(30638例)和16.68%(19034例);内陆地区儿童尿碘浓度[M(Q_(1),Q_(3)):190.90(128.80,269.00)μg/L]高于沿海地区儿童[M(Q_(1),Q_(3)):173.00(113.00,250.30)μg/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。2016—2021年共超声检查39134名,检出甲状腺肿1229例,甲状腺肿大率为3.14%(95%CI:2.97%~3.32%);沿海地区儿童甲状腺肿大率[3.45%(95%CI:3.19%~3.72%),641/18604]高于内陆地区儿童[2.86%(95%CI:2.64%~3.10%),588/20530],差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论2016—2021年浙江省8~10岁儿童碘营养水平总体适宜,儿童甲状腺肿大率符合碘缺乏病消除标准限值。
Objective To analyze the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 to 10 years in Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2021.Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select non-residential children aged 8 to 10 years from 90 counties in Zhejiang Province.A total of 114103 children were included in the study from 2016 to 2021.Direct titration method and arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry were used to detect salt iodine content and urinary iodine level,respectively,to evaluate the iodine nutritional status of children.Ultrasound was used to detect thyroid volume and analyze the current prevalence of goiter in school-age children.Results The age of 114103 children was(9.04±0.81)years old,with 50.0%of(57083)boys.The median of iodine content M(Q_(1),Q_(3))in children's household salt was 23.00(19.80,25.20)mg/kg,including 17242 non-iodized salt,6173 unqualified iodized salt,and 90688 qualified iodized salt.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 84.89%,and the coverage rate of qualified iodized salt was 79.48%.The proportion of non-iodized salt increased from 11.85%in 2016 to 16.04%in 2021(χ^(2)_(trend)=111.427,P<0.001).The median of urinary iodine concentration M(Q_(1),Q_(3))in children was 182.50(121.00,261.00)μg/L,among which the proportions of iodine deficiency,iodine suitability,iodine over suitability,and iodine excess were 17.25%(19686 cases),39.21%(44745 cases),26.85%(30638 cases),and 16.68%(19034 cases),respectively.The median of urinary iodine concentration in children in inland areas[M(Q_(1),Q_(3)):190.90(128.80,269.00)μg/L]was significantly higher than that in children in coastal areas[M(Q_(1),Q_(3)):173.00(113.00,250.30)μg/L](P<0.001).From 2016 to 2021,a total of 39134 ultrasound examinations were conducted,and 1229 cases of thyroid enlargement were detected.The goiter rate was 3.14%(95%CI:2.97%-3.32%).The incidence of goiter in children in coastal areas[3.45%(95%CI:3.19%-3.72%),641/18604]was higher than that in children in inland areas[2.86%(95%CI:2.64%-3.10%),588/20530](P=0.001).Conclusion From 2016 to 2021,the iodine nutrition level of children aged 8-10 years in Zhejiang Province is generally suitable,and the rate of goiter in children meets the limit of iodine deficiency disease elimination standards.
作者
毛光明
莫哲
顾思萌
王鸳鸯
姜玉节
李雅晖
李雪青
陈志健
王晓峰
楼晓明
刘晨阳
Mao Guangming;Mo Zhe;Gu Simeng;Wang Yuanyang;Jiang Yujie;Li Yahui;Li Xueqing;Chen Zhijian;Wang Xiaofeng;Lou Xiaoming;Liu Chenyang(Department of Environmental Health,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China)
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期11-17,共7页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
国家卫生健康委员会科研基金(WKJ-ZJ-2332)
浙江省自然科学基金(TGY23H24001)。
关键词
儿童
尿
碘
横断面研究
碘缺乏病
Child
Urine
Iodine
Cross-sectional studies
Iodine deficiency
