摘要
为研究不同比例和发酵时间对燕麦、光叶紫花苕混合青贮品质的影响,试验设置5个处理组:40%燕麦和60%光叶紫花苕(Y40G60)、50%燕麦和50%光叶紫花苕(Y50G50)、60%燕麦和40%光叶紫花苕(Y60G40)、70%燕麦和30%光叶紫花苕(Y70G30)以及80%燕麦和20%光叶紫花苕(Y80G20),分别在青贮8、16、30 d和45 d测定其营养成分和发酵参数。结果表明:Y60G40组的感官评价、相对饲用价值、乳酸、乙酸含量和费氏评分分别较Y40G60组显著提高21.99%、4.93%、38.46%、25.57%和33.94%(P<0.05),Y60G40组的pH、丙酸、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量分别较Y40G60组显著降低10.02%、42.86%、2.71%和5.32%(P<0.05);随燕麦混合比例的增加,干物质、可溶性碳水化合物和粗脂肪含量显著升高(P<0.05);各处理组的干物质、可溶性碳水化合物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪含量和pH随着发酵时间的延长总体呈现下降趋势,在发酵30 d含量最低,而乳酸、乙酸、相对饲用价值和费氏评分随发酵天数的推移逐渐升高;根据隶属函数法综合评价,各组综合价值排序由高到低依次为:Y60G40组>Y70G30组>Y80G20组>Y50G50组>Y40G60组。综上,燕麦与光叶紫花苕混合比例为60:40青贮效果最佳,推荐适宜发酵时间为30 d。
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different mixture ratio and fermentation time on silage quality of Avena sativa and Vicia villosa.Five treatment groups were set up in the experiment,which were separately silage of 40%Avena sativa and 60%Vicia villosa(Y40G60),50%Avena sativa and 50%Vicia villosa(Y50G50),60%Avena sativa and 40%Vicia villosa(Y60G40),70%Avena sativa and 30%Vicia villosa(Y70G30)and 80%Avena sativa and 20%Vicia villosa(Y80G20).The nutrient content and fermentation index of silage were determined at 8,16,30,45 days of fermentation.The results showed as follows:Compared with Y40G60 group,sensory evaluation,relative feed value,contents of lactic acid,acetic acid and flieg score in Y60G40 group were significantly increased by 21.99%,4.93%,38.46%,25.57%and 33.94%,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with Y40G60 group group,pH and the contents of propionic acid,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in Y60G40 group were significantly decreased by 10.02%,42.86%,2.71%and 5.32%,respectively(P<0.05).The contents of dry matter,soluble carbohydrate and crude fat were significantly increased with the increase of Avena sativa mixture ratio(P<0.05).The contents of dry matter,soluble carbohydrate,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,crude fat and pH in each treatment group decreased with the extension of fermentation time,and the contents of those were the lowest on the 30 d of fermentation,while the contents of lactic acid,acetic acid,relative feed value and flieg score increased gradually with the extension of fermentation days.According to the comprehensive evaluation of membership function method,the comprehensive value of each group from high to low was:Y60G40 group>Y70G30 group>Y80G20 group>Y50G50 group>Y40G60 group.In summary,it was better to mix Avena sativa and Vicia villosa at a ratio of 60:40,and the optimum fermentation time was 30 d.
作者
王子苑
舒健虹
陈光吉
吉玉玉
王小利
WANG Ziyuan;SHU Jianhong;CHEN Guangji;JI Yuyu;WANG Xiaoli(Guizhou Institute of Prataculture,Guiyang,Guizhou Province 550006,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2024年第3期143-148,共6页
China Feed
基金
黔科合支撑“贵州优质饲草秸秆资源利用关键技术研究与示范”([2021]一般179)
黔科合平台人才“贵州省优良牧草种质发掘与创新利用科技创新人才团队”([2020]5005)
黔科合成果“酱酒酒糟及农作物秸秆饲料化技术集成推广应用”([2022]重点005)
黔科合服企“贵州草地资源管理与高效利用创新能力建设”[2022]004。
关键词
燕麦
光叶紫花苕
混合青贮
发酵时间
隶属函数评价
Avena sativa
Vicia villosa
mixture silage
fermentation time
membership function evaluation
