摘要
立足食物种类和食物营养双视角审视区域食物供需平衡是践行大食物观,推进农业供给侧结构性改革的有效尝试。文章采用食物种类核算方法和食物营养转化模型测算了沿海地区11省份8类食物和3种营养成分的生产量和消费量,在此基础上探究食物种类和食物营养的供需平衡状况,并融合对比2种视角差异,进一步探索沿海地区食物供给和需求结构调整的路径。研究发现:(1)生产方面,沿海各省份均有生产量较大的食物种类,山东、江苏和河北营养生产量较大,福建、海南、天津和上海营养生产量较小。(2)消费方面,广东、山东、江苏、河北和浙江的食物种类消费和营养消费量均较大,人口是带动食物消费量的第一大因素。(3)种类供需平衡上,沿海地区蔬果和水产品产量充足,食用油则严重不足;山东、河北和辽宁在多种食物上有大量盈余,广东则大量缺额。营养供需平衡上,沿海地区蛋白质供需状况好于热量和脂肪,但总体来看,营养自给能力并不乐观且叠加营养不平衡问题;营养盈余主要集中在山东和江苏,缺额主要集中在广东。(4)沿海地区要在供给端遵循“固强补弱”和需求端“提倡健康饮食与减少食物浪费相结合”的原则来调整食物供需结构。
To examine the regional supply-demand balance of food from the perspectives of food type and food nutrition is an effective attempt to practice the big food concept and promote the supply-side structural reform in the agricultural sector.In this paper,the production and consumption of 8 food types and 3 nutrients in 11 coastal provinces were measured by using food type accounting methods and food nutrition transformation models.On this basis,this paper explores the supply-demand balance of food types and food nutrition,integrates and compares the differences of food type and food nutrition,and further explores the path of restructuring food supply and demand in coastal areas.The results show that:1) In terms of production,it had a large production of food type in many coastal areas,it has larger nutrition production in Shandong,Jiangsu and Hebei,and smaller in Fujian,Hainan,Tianjin and Shanghai.2) In terms of consumption,it has relatively high consumption for food type and nutrition in Guangdong,Shandong,Jiangsu,Hebei and Zhejiang.Population is the first factor determining food consumption.3) In terms of the supply-demand balance,the supply of vegetables,fruits and aquatic products in coastal areas is sufficient,but edible oil is seriously insufficient.It had large surpluses in many types in Shandong,Hebei and Liaoning,while it has large shortages in most types in Guangdong.In terms of nutrient supply-demand balance,protein is better than energy and fat,but overall,the self-sufficiency of food nutrition is not optimistic and superimposed on the problem of nutritional imbalance.Food nutrition surplus is mainly concentrated in Shandong and Jiangsu,nutrition deficits is mainly concentrated in Guangdong.4) It should follow the principle of "consolidating strong points and supplementing weak points" on the supply side and "promoting healthy diet and reducing food waste" on the demand side to adjust the supply-demand structure of food in coastal areas.
作者
殷伟
于会娟
韩立民
朱文东
郇晓萌
YIN Wei;YU Huijuan;HAN Limin;ZHU Wendong;HUAN Xiaomeng(Management College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China;Institution of Marine Development,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,Shandong,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期13-22,共10页
Economic Geography
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD100)
国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BSH056)。
关键词
食物安全
大食物观
粮食
蔬果
供需平衡
农业结构调整
食物与营养
food security
big food concept
food
vegetables and fruits
supply-demand balance
adjustment of agricultural structure
food and nutrition
