摘要
目的探讨伴白质脑病和系统性损害的视网膜血管病(retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations,RVCL-S)家系的临床、组织病理及分子遗传学特点。方法回顾性分析RVCL-S家系的临床资料并绘制家系图,总结其临床表现、影像学、组织病理及分子遗传学特点。结果家系1:男性发病3例,年龄分别为10岁、29岁和40岁。家系2:男性发病1例,年龄为32岁。2家系患者均表现为视网膜血管病、白质脑病及多系统损害,后者包括肝、肾、消化道受累等;2家系无症状携带者4例。家系1-Ⅱ2颅脑CT示左侧侧脑室后角旁片状低密度,伴颅内多发高密度钙化,颅脑MRI平扫示侧脑室旁病变;家系1-Ⅱ5颅脑MRI平扫及增强示额颞叶皮层病变伴周围水肿及占位效应,环形强化明显。家系2-Ⅱ1颅脑MRI平扫及增强先后出现右侧及左侧额叶病变,伴周围水肿及强化,占位效应明显。家系1-Ⅱ5病变脑组织手术病理示内皮细胞增生性病变;家系2-Ⅱ1脑病变2次手术病理均符合“脑梗死”样表现;小肠壁内小血管示内皮细胞增生性病变。家系1-Ⅱ2存在TREX1 D272Rfs杂合突变,其2女1子均为无症状突变携带者。家系2-Ⅱ1基因存在TREX1 S246Ifs杂合突变,其父亲、母亲均未发现该突变,其子为无症状突变携带者。结论RVCL-S临床主要表现为视网膜血管病、神经系统受累及多系统损害。影像学见颅内病变可呈占位性,伴周围水肿及强化;病理特点为小血管内皮细胞增生及管腔狭窄。基因结果证实存在TREX1基因突变。
Objective To investigate the clinical data,brain pathology and molecular genetic characteristics of retinal vascular disease families with leukoencephalopathy and systemic damage.Methods The clinical data of two families of RVCL-S(retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations,RVCL-S)were collected and family maps were drawn to analyze the clinical manifestations,imaging,brain pathology and molecular genetic characteristics.Results Family 1:there were 3 male cases and the age of onset was 10 years,29 years and 40 years,respectively.Family 2:there was one male case and the age of onset was 32 years.Both families presented with retinal vascular disease,leukoencephalopathy and multi-system damage,the latter including liver,kidney and digestive tract involvement.There were 4 asymptomatic carriers in two families.The cranial CT of family 1-Ⅱ2 showed lamellar low density near the posterior corner of the left ventricle with multiple intracranial high density calcification.Brain MRI plain scan showed lateral ventricle lesions.The brain MRI plain and enhancement scans of family 1-I5 showed frontotemporal cortex lesions with peripheral edema and space occupying effect,and the ring enhancement was remarkable.The brain MRI plain scan and enhancement scan of family 2-Ⅱ1 showed the right and left frontal lobe lesions,accompanied by peripheral edema and enhancement,and the occupying effect was obvious.The operative pathology of brain tissue from family 1-I5 showed endothelial cell hyperplasia.The pathological manifestations of family 2-Ⅱ1 encephalopathy were consistent with"cerebral infarction"after two operations.The small blood vessels in the small intestinal wall showed endothelial cell proliferation.Molecular genetics:TREX1 D272Rfs heterozygous mutation was present in family 1-Ⅱ2,and his offspring including two daughters and one son were asymptomatic mutation carriers.TREX1 S246Ifs heterozygous mutation was detected in the 2-Ⅱ1 gene of the family which was not found in either the father or the mother found the mutation,and the son was asymptomatic carrier of the mutation.Conclusion The main clinical manifestations of RVCLS are retinal vascular disease,nervous system involvement and multi-system damage.Imaging findings showed that intracranial lesions were space-occupying,accompanied by peripheral edema and enhancement.The pathological features were small vessel endothelial cell proliferation and lumen stenosis.Genetic results confirmed the presence of TREX1 gene mutation.
作者
安利
姚生
韩晓琛
孙辰婧
刘建国
AN Li;YAO Sheng;HAN Xiaochen;SUN Chenjing;LIU Jianguo(Sixth Medical Center,PLA General Hospital,6 Fucheng Road,Haidian District,Beijing 100048,China.)
出处
《中国神经精神疾病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期641-647,共7页
Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases
关键词
视网膜血管病
白质脑病
多系统累及
脑组织病理
TREX1
基因突变
家系图
Retinal vascular disease
Leukoencephalopathy
Multi-system involvement
Brain pathology TREX1 gene mutation
Pedigree chart
