摘要
习近平总书记在2023年9月27日中共中央政治局有关世界贸易组织规则与世界贸易组织改革的集体学习会上强调,“参与世界贸易组织改革,要坚定维护以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制权威性和有效性,积极推动恢复世界贸易组织争端解决机制正常运转”。在WTO上诉机制已经陷入危机、多边贸易体制本身相关性受损的背景下,启动恢复上诉机制的谈判,应是推动WTO改革的优先事项和中国的选项。近年来,美国企图利用其他成员恢复上诉机制的动机以引入针对“非市场导向的政策和做法”的规则。拜登政府近期的动作表明美国前述意图已经有所松动。在各界提出的上诉机制改革新方案中,“沃克原则”和“伍尔夫建议”因应美国诉求以推动美国支持上诉机制改革,具有可行性。包括中国在内的WTO成员方应抓住此契机,了解并梳理美国关于上诉机制的诉求,逐项考虑其可接受性,以此推动上诉机制的改革。
On 27 September 2023,at the group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on the rules of the World Trade Organization and its reform,General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that“to participate in the reform of the World Trade Organization,we must firmly uphold the authority and effectiveness of the multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization as its core,and actively promote the restoration of the normal operation of the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism”.Against the backdrop of the crisis relating to the WTO's appellate mechanism and the weakened relevance of the multilateral trading system itself,initiating negotiations on the resumption of the appellate mechanism should be a priority for WTO reform and an option for China.For years,the U.S.has been attempting to leverage the motivation of other members to restore the appellate mechanism to introduce rules targeting“non-market oriented policies and practices”.The recent actions of the Biden administration,indicate that the aforementioned U.S.intentions have loosened.Among the new proposals for the reform of the appellate mechanism proposed by various stakeholders,the Walker Principles and the Wolff Proposal,which are made in response to the U.S.appeals in exchange for its acquiescing to the launch of the appellate mechanism reform,appears feasible.Members of the WTO,including China,should seize this opportunity to understand and sort out the U.S.appeals regarding the appellate mechanism,consider their acceptability item by item with a view to an earlier launch of the appellate mechanism reform.
作者
孔庆江
KONG Qingjiang(China University of Political Science and Law)
出处
《国际贸易》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期87-96,共10页
Intertrade
关键词
WTO
争端解决机制改革
上诉机制
美国诉求
“沃克原则”
“伍尔夫建议”
WTO
reform of Dispute Settlement Mechanism
appellate mechanism
the U.S.appeals
the Walker Principles
the Wolff Proposal
