摘要
细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))中的重金属威胁着人体健康和生态环境.本文基于2022年北京冬奥会期间新乡市采取的不同污染管控措施,于2022年1月20日—2月20日在新乡市一个农村站点对PM_(2.5)进行逐小时采样,并检测了其中20种重金属元素的浓度,研究了不同管控阶段(管控前阶段P1、严格管控阶段P2、宽松管控阶段P3)新乡市农村地区重金属污染特征及其与管控措施的关系.结果表明:严格管控期间Zn、Pb、Mn、As、Se、Hg、Cr和Ni的浓度明显下降,降幅分别为50.2%、29.3%、39.1%、67.9%、33.4%、27.7%、51.9%和32.2%,其中,As和Cr的污染程度(I_(geo))显著降低,降幅分别为34.3%和27.8%,其余元素的I_(geo)仅轻微降低或未降低.宽松管控期间Mn、Cr、Ni的浓度和I_(geo)均显著上升,浓度分别上升49.8%、26.3%和17.4%,I_(geo)分别上升27.9%、21.1%和22.5%.日变化分析表明,严格管控措施下K、Ca、Pb和As的日变化特征与其他时段有所不同,其余元素则无显著差异.此外,严格管控期间气象条件对所测元素的作用也与其他时段不同,表现得更为复杂.新乡市农村地区重金属的潜在生态风险等级为极高(生态风险综合指数>1200),其中,风险最高的元素为Cd、Se、Pb、As(生态风险指数:64~12714).污染程度和潜在生态风险均较高的4种元素为Cd、As、Pb、Se,其浓度权重轨迹(CWT)结果显示Cd的主要潜在源区在山东中南部,而其余3种元素的潜在源区则集中在河北东南部,且不同阶段的潜在源区有一定差异.
Heavy metals in fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))pose a threat to human health and the ecological environment.According to the different pollution control measures taken by Xinxiang City during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics,PM_(2.5)was sampled hourly at a rural station in Xinxiang from January 20 to February 20,2022,and the concentrations of 20 types of heavy metal elements were detected.The characteristics of heavy metals pollution in rural area of Xinxiang at different control periods(pre-control period P1,strict control period P2,loose control period P3)and their relationship with control measures were studied.Research shows that during the strict control period,the concentrations of Zn,Pb,Mn,As,Se,Hg,Cr,and Ni significantly decreased by 50.2%,29.3%,39.1%,67.9%,33.4%,27.7%,51.9%,and 32.2%,respectively.Among them,the pollution level(I_(geo))of As and Cr significantly decreased by 34.3%and 27.8%,respectively,and the I_(geo)of other elements only slightly decreased or did not decrease.During the loose control period,the concentrations and I_(geo)of Mn,Cr and Ni significantly increased,with concentrations increasing by 49.8%,26.3%,and 17.4%,respectively,and I_(geo)increasing by 27.9%,21.1%,and 22.5%,respectively.The daily variation analysis shows that under strict control measures,the daily variation characteristics of K,Ca,Pb,and As were different from other time periods,while there was no significant difference in other elements.In addition,during the strict control period,the effect of meteorological conditions on the measured elements was also different from other time periods,and the performance was more complex.The potential ecological risk level of heavy metals in rural area of Xinxiang was extremely high(ecological risk index>1200),with the highest risk elements being Cd,Se,Pb,As(ecological risk index:64~12714).The four elements with high pollution levels and potential ecological risks were Cd,As,Pb,and Se.The concentration weighted trajectory(CWT)results show that the main potential source area of Cd was in the central and southern part of Shandong Province,while the potential source areas of the other three elements were concentrated in the southeastern part of Hebei Province,and there were certain differences in the potential source areas at different periods.
作者
王光奇
王玲玲
马双良
王一克
赵文鹏
马琳
李红亮
黄皓旻
范丽雅
叶代启
WANG Guangqi;WANG Lingling;MA Shuangliang;WANG Yike;ZHAO Wenpeng;MA Lin;LI Hongliang;HUANG Haomin;FAN Liya;YE Daiqi(School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006;Henan Provincial Centre for Ecological Environmental Monitoring and Security,Zhengzhou 450000;Xinxiang Ecology and Environmental Monitoring Center of Henan Province,Xinxiang 453000;National Engineering Laboratory for Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control Technology and Equipment,Guangzhou 510006;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control,Guangzhou 510006;Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal,Guangzhou 510006)
出处
《环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期47-61,共15页
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae
基金
新乡市细颗粒物与臭氧污染协同防治示范研究项目(No.DQGG202133)
广东省科学技术厅海外名师项目(No.粤财科教[2021]294)。
关键词
北京冬奥会
新乡农村
PM_(2.5)
重金属
生态风险
潜在源
Beijing Winter Olympic Games
Xinxiang rural areas
PM_(2.5)
heavy metals
ecological risk
potential sources
