摘要
目标的变化和任务的拓展对光电跟瞄系统提出了快速机动的要求,从地基平台到车载、船载、机载、星载等运动平台是光电跟瞄系统的重要发展趋势。基于惯性参考单元(Inertial Reference Unit,IRU)的视轴稳定方式是克服运动平台高频扰动,实现光电跟瞄系统微弧度甚至亚微弧度级跟瞄的主要技术手段。针对运动平台光电跟瞄系统精确指向对载体基座扰动抑制的需求,分析和对比了IRU的各种技术方案,特别介绍了利用低噪声、宽频带惯性传感器敏感角扰动,并通过反馈控制实现视轴惯性稳定的系统方案。从此类IRU系统的工作原理出发,阐述了系统的两种工作模式及功能特点,建立了系统数学模型。然后,介绍了IRU的国内外研究进展及发展方向,指出惯性传感、支承结构和控制系统是决定IRU稳定能力的关键因素,梳理了三项关键技术的研究动态。最后,总结了IRU的空间应用情况,并结合目前的应用需求对其未来应用领域进行了探讨。
The evolution of objectives and the broadening of tasks have heightened the need for swift ma⁃neuverability in the photoelectric tracking and pointing system.Shifting from ground⁃based to diverse mo⁃bile platforms such as vehicles,ships,aircraft,and spacecraft marks a significant trend in the development of photoelectric tracking and pointing systems.The stabilization of the line of sight using an inertial refer⁃ence unit(IRU)is essential to counteract the high⁃frequency disturbances encountered on these mobile plat⁃forms,enabling the system to achieve tracking accuracy at the micro⁃radian or even sub⁃micro⁃radian level.This paper delves into various IRU implementation strategies to mitigate disturbances from the carriers,ensuring precise aiming of the photoelectric tracking and pointing system on moving platforms.It highlights a system design that employs low noise and wideband inertial sensors for angle disturbance detection and achieves line of sight stabilization via feedback control.The document details the system's operational modes,functional features,constructs its mathematical model,and reviews both domestic and internation⁃al research advancements and future directions in IRU technology.It emphasizes that inertial sensing,sup⁃port structures,and control systems are critical to IRU's stabilization performance,and it organizes the lat⁃est research trends in these three vital areas.Conclusively,the paper outlines the spaceborne applications of IRU and explores potential future application domains,considering current demands.
作者
李醒飞
何梦洁
拓卫晓
王天宇
韩佳欣
王信用
LI Xingfei;HE Mengjie;TUO Weixiao;WANG Tianyu;HAN Jiaxin;WANG Xinyong(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Taihu Laboratory of Deepsea Technological Science,Wuxi 214000,China)
出处
《光学精密工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期401-421,共21页
Optics and Precision Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.62203322)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(No.2022M712372)
深海技术科学太湖实验室“揭榜挂帅”项目资助项目(No.2022JBGS03001)。
关键词
惯性参考单元
运动平台
光电跟瞄系统
视轴稳定
扰动抑制
inertial reference unit
moving platform
photoelectric tracking and targeting system
line-ofsight stabilization
disturbance suppression
