摘要
为探究港航科技创新合作特征及其变化规律,本文采用2007—2021年港口和航海领域科技创新获奖项目数据,根据奖励类别和获奖等级确定主体间合作关系的质量权重,构建基于合作质量的全国港口和航海科技创新无向加权网络;选取平均度、平均加权度、网络密度、特征路径长度及聚集系数指标,分析网络整体结构特征;构建加权度数中心度-加权中介中心度平面,识别网络个体的总体发展、不同组织类型的网络角色以及网络的核心节点;最后,根据合作伙伴的数量、强度和空间分布,揭示主体间合作的时空分异特征。结果显示:全国港口和航海科技创新网络呈现网络规模扩大、网络密度减小、合作伙伴增多及合作质量提高的趋势,港口科技创新网络具有“小世界”效应,航海科技创新网络呈现层次结构特征。全国港口和航海科技创新网络均形成有明确权力中心的网络结构,创新主体的信息控制和桥接能力不强。科研机构和高校更容易成为网络权力中心,企业在港口科技创新网络中发挥主导作用,公共机构和政府部门在航海科技创新网络中更具有影响力,部委直属或国有背景的组织在网络中占据核心位置。全国港口和航海科技创新主体的伙伴数遵循幂律分布,港口科技创新主体形成强强联合和强弱互动的合作局面,航海科技创新主体趋向异配合作。港口科技创新主体的同城合作质量更高,航海科技创新主体的同城和跨城合作质量协同提高。
To understand the evolving collaborative innovation landscape in China's port and navigation technology,this study constructs weighted,undirected networks by utilizing a dataset encompassing award-winning projects in the field of port and navigation technology innovation spanning from 2007 to 2021.The quality weights assigned to the collaborative relationships between actors are derived from the categorization and tiering of the awards.Average degree,average weighted degree,network density,average path length,and clustering coefficient are applied to assess network structural attributes.A framework integrating weighted degree centrality and weighted betweenness centrality is developed to discern the overall development of network nodes,roles of different organizational types,and key nodes in the network.The study also unveils the temporal and spatial dynamics of collaborative interactions by examining the quantity,strength,and geographical distribution of partnerships.The findings indicate that China's port and navigation technology innovation networks demonstrate a pattern of growth in network scale,decline in network density,diversification in collaborative partnerships,and advancements in the caliber of cooperation.The port technology innovation network manifests small-world phenomena,whereas the navigation one is characterized by its hierarchical structure.Both networks have formed structures with power centers,but the actors exhibit limited capabilities in information control and bridging.Research institutions and universities are more likely to become power centers in both networks.Enterprises play a leading role in the port technology innovation network,while,public agencies and government departments wield more influence in the navigation technology innovation network.Central ministries affiliated or state-backed organizations occupy central positions in both networks.The distribution of partner numbers within both networks adheres to a power-law pattern.In a port technology innovation network,actors tend to form an"elite club"and interact between strong and weak partners,whereas actors in a navigation technology innovation network tend towards disassortative collaborations.In the realm of port technology innovation,intracity collaborations excel in quality,while navigation technology innovation network displays concurrent quality gains across intracity and intercity collaborations.
作者
金嘉晨
殷明
JIN Jiachen;YIN Ming(Shanghai International Shipping Institute,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 200080,China)
出处
《交通运输系统工程与信息》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期24-34,共11页
Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology
基金
国家社会科学基金。
关键词
交通运输经济
演化
网络分析
科技创新
质量权重
港航业
transportation economy
evolution
network analysis
technology innovation
quality weight
port and shipping industry
